Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

رَجْمٌ signifies The throwing, or casting, of stones: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) this is its primary meaning: (Ṣ, TA:) you say, رَجَمَهُ, aor. ـُ {يَرْجُمُ}, inf. n. رَجْمٌ, (Ṣ, Mṣb, TA,) He threw, or cast, stones at him; or pelted him with stones: (Ṣ, TA:) or he struck him, or smote him, with رَجَم, meaning stones: (Mṣb:) and رُجُومٌ is syn. with رَجْمٌ, as an inf. n.: thus some explain the saying, in the Ḳur [lxvii. 5], وَجْعَلْنَاهَا رُجُومًا لِلشَّيَاطِينِ [And we have made them for casting at the devils; meaning shooting stars, which are believed to be hurled at the devils that listen by stealth, beneath the lowest heaven, to the words of the angels therein: but see other explanations below, voce رَجْمٌ]. (TA.)

Hence, (Ṣ, TA,) The act of slaying [in any manner, but generally stoning, i. e. putting to death by stoning]. (Ṣ, Ḳ.) So in رَجْمُ الثَّيِّبَيْنِ إِذَا زَنَيَا [The slaying, or stoning, of the two married persons when they have committed adultery]. (TA.)

[† The act of beating, or battering, the ground with the feet.] One says of a camel, يَرْجُمُ الأَرْضَ † [He beats, or batters, the ground], i. e., with his feet; which implies commendation: (TA:) and so one says of a horse; (Ḳ;) or يُرْجُمُ فِى الأَرْضِ. (Ṣ.) And one says also, جَآءَ يَرْجُمُ, meaning † [He came beating, or battering, the ground; or] passing along with an ardent and a rapid running. (Lḥ, Ḳ,* TA.) [See also 8.]

‡ The act of cursing. (Ḳ, TA.)

† The act of reviling. (Ḳ, TA.) لَأَرْجُمَنَّكَ, in the Ḳur xix. 47, means † I will assuredly revile thee: (Bḍ, Jel, TA: see also another explanation below, in this paragraph:) or I will assuredly cast stones at thee, (Bḍ, Jel,) so that thou shalt die, or shalt remove far from me. (Bḍ.) And you say, رَجَمْتُهُ بِالقَوْلِ, meaning † I uttered foul, or evil, speech against him. (Mṣb.) [See also رَجَبَهُ.]

† The act of driving away; expelling; putting, or placing, at a distance, away, or far away. (Ḳ.)

† The act of cutting off from friendly, or loving communion or intercourse; forsaking; or abandoning. (Ḳ.)

Also [as being likened to the throwing of stones, in doing which one is not sure of hitting the mark,] i. q. قَذْفٌ (Ḳ, TA) بِالغَيْبِ † [The act of speaking of that which is hidden, or which has not become apparent to the speaker; and conjecturing]; (TA;) or speaking conjecturally: (Ṣ, TA:) and (Ḳ, TA) some say (TA) i. q. غَيْبٌ [as meaning † a doubting]: (Ḳ, TA: [in the CK, العَيْبُ is erroneously put for الغَيْبُ:]) and ظَنٌّ [which means † an opining, or a conjecturing]. (Ḳ, TA.) One says, رَجَمَ بِالغَيْبِ † He spoke of that which he did not know. (Ḥam p. 494.) And رَجَمَ بِالظَّنِّ (Z, TA) † He spoke conjecturally: (MA:) or he conjectured, or opined. (Bḍ in xviii. 21.) Hence, قَالَهُ رَجْمًا † He said it conjecturally. (Z, TA.) Hence also, (TA,) رَجْمًا بَالغَيْبِ, in the Ḳur [xviii. 21], (Ṣ, TA,) † [Speaking conjecturally of that which is hidden, or unknown; as indicated in the Ṣ and TA: or] conjecturing in a case hidden from them. (Jel.) One says also, قَالَ رَجْمًا بِالغَيْبِ, i. e. † He said conjecturally, [or speaking of that which was hidden from him, or unknown by him,] without evidence, and without proof. (Mṣb.) And صَارَ رَجْمًا لَا يُوقَفُ عَلَى حَقِيقَةِ أَمْرِهِ † [It became a subject of conjecture, the real state of the case whereof one was not to be made to know]. (Ṣ, TA.) And لَأَرْجُمَنَّكَ, in the Ḳur [xix. 47, of which two explanations have been mentioned above], means [accord. to some] I will assuredly say of thee, [though] speaking of that which is hidden [from me], or unknown [by me], what thou dislikest, or hatest. (TA.)

لِسَانٌ يُرْجُمُ [if the latter word be not a mistranscription forمِرْجَمٌ↓, q. v.,] means A tongue that is chaste, or perspicuous, and copious, in speech. (Mṣb in art. ترجم.)

See also the next paragraph {2}, in three places.

رجّم القَبْرَ, inf. n. تَرْجِيمٌ, He placed upon the grave رُجَم [meaning large stones, to make a gibbous covering to it]. (TA.) It is related in a trad. of ʼAbd-Allah Ibn-Mughaffal, that he said, لَا تُرَجِّمُوا قَبْرِى, i. e. Place not ye upon my grave رُجَم; meaning thereby that they should make his grave even with the ground, not gibbous and elevated: the verb is thus correctly, with teshdeed: but the relaters of trads. say, لا تَرْجُمُوا↓ قبرى: (Ṣ:) [and it is said that] رَجَمَ↓ القَبْرَ, (Ḳ, TA,) aor. ـُ {يَرْجُمُ}, inf. n. رَجْمٌ, (TA,) signifies عَلَّمَهُ, (Ḳ,) i. e. He put a tombstone to the grave: (TḲ:) or he placed upon the grave رِجَام [a pl., like رُجَم, of رُجْمَة]: (Ḳ:) or, accord. to Aboo-Bekr,لَا تَرْجُمُوا↓ قَبْرِى means Wail not ye at my grave; i. e. say not, at it, what is unseemly; from الرَّجْمُ signifying “the act of reviling.” (TA.)

مُرَاجَمَةٌ [in its primary acceptation] is The mutual throwing, or casting, of stones; or the vying, or contending for superiority, in the throwing, or casting, of stones. (Mgh. [See also 6.])

[Hence,] † The act of mutually reviling; or the vying in reviling; or so مُرَاجَمَةٌ بِالكَلَامِ. (TA. [See, again, 6.])

And رَاجم فِى الكَلَامِ, and العَدْوِ, and الحَرْبِ, (Ḳ,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) ‡ He exerted himself to the utmost in vying, or contending for superiority, in speech, and in running, and in war, or battle. (Ḳ, TA.)

And راجم عَنْهُ, (Ḳ,) or عَنْ قَوْمِهِ, (Ṣ,) ‡ He defended him, or his people; or spoke, or pleaded, or contended, in defence of him, or of them: (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA:) and so دَارَى. (TA.)

تراجموا بَالحِجَارَةِ They threw, or cast, stones, one at another; or vied, or contended for superiority, in throwing, or casting, stones, one at another: (Ṣ, TA:) andارتجموا↓ signifies the like of this. (IAạr, TA. [See also 3.])

[Hence,] تراجمت الإِبِلُ: see 8.

And تراجموا بِالكَلَامِ ‡ They reviled one another; or vied in reviling one another. (TA. [See, again, 3.])

see 6.

[Hence,] ارتجمت الإِبِلُ, andتراجمت↓, † The camels beat [or battered] the ground (رَجَمَتِ الأَرْضَ) with their feet: or went heavily, without slowness. (TA.) [See مِرْجَمٌ: and see also 1, in two places.]

And ارتجم † It (a thing) lay one part upon another; was, or became, heaped, or piled, up, or together, or accumulated, one part upon, or overlying, another; (Aboo-Saʼeed, Ḳ, TA;) as also ارتجن. (Aboo-Saʼeed, TA.)

جَآءَتْ تَسْتَرْجِمُ النَّبِىَّ, said of a woman [who had committed adultery], means She came asking the Prophet for الرَّجْم [i. e. to be stoned.] (TA.)

تَرْجَمَ كَلَامَهُ He interpreted, or explained in another language, his speech. (Ṣ.) See art. ترجم.

رَجْمٌ, an inf. n. [of 1, q. v.], used as an appellative, (Bḍ in lxvii. 5,) A thing that is thrown, or cast, like as is a stone: pl. رُجُومٌ. (Bḍ ib., and Ḳ.) Hence, in the Ḳur (ubi suprà), وَجَعَلْنَاهَا رُجُومًا لِلشَّيَاطِينِ And we have made them things to be cast at the devils; meaning shooting stars: [see also رُجُمْ:] or, as some say, we have made them to be [means of] conjectures to the devils of mankind; i. e., to the astrologers. (Bḍ, TA. [See another explanation in the first sentence of this art.])

Also A friend; or a true, or sincere, friend; or a special, or particular, friend; syn. خَلِيلٌ: and a cup-companion, or compotator. (Th, Ḳ.) See also the last signification in the next paragraph.

رَجَمٌ Stones (Mṣb, TA) that are placed upon a grave. (TA.)

And hence, (Mṣb, TA,) A grave; (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ, TA;) because stones are collected together upon it; (Mṣb;) as alsoرَجْمَةٌ↓ andرُجْمَةٌ↓: (Ḳ:) the pl. of رَجَمٌ is أَرجَامٌ: you say, هٰذِهِ أَرْجَامُ عَادٍ These are the graves of [the tribe of] 'Ád: (TA:) andرُجْمَةٌ↓, of which the pl. is رُجَمٌ and رِجَامٌ, signifies also, like as does رُجُمٌ↓, stones, (Ḳ,) or high stones, (TA,) that are set up upon a grave: (Ḳ, TA:) or both these signify a sign [that is set up upon a grave; or a tombstone: see 2]: (Ḳ:) or the former of them (رُجْمَةٌ) signifies stones collected together, (Lth, Mṣb, TA,) as though they were the graves of [the tribe of] 'Ád; (Lth, TA;) and its pl. is رِجَامٌ: (Mṣb:) or it is sing. of رُجَمٌ and رِجَامٌ which signify large stones, less then [such as are termed] رِضَام, (Ṣ,) or like رِضَام, (TA,) sometimes collected together upon a grave to form a gibbous covering to it. (Ṣ.)

Also (i. e. رَجَمٌ) A well. (Ḳ.)

And A [kind of oven such as is called] تَنُّور [q. v.]. (Ḳ.)

And i. q. جُفْرَةٌ, with جيم, accord. to the Ḳ, i. e. A round space in the ground: or, as in other lexicons, حُفْرَةٌ [meaning a hollow, or cavity, in the ground, made by digging, or natural]. (TA.)

Also Brothers, or brethren: [a quasi-pl. n.:] sing., accord. to Kr, رَجْمٌ↓ and رَجَمٌ; [so that the latter is used as a sing. and as a pl.;] but (ISd says, TA) I know not how this is. (Ḳ, TA.) [See also رَجْمٌ.]

رُجُمٌ The [shooting] stars that are cast [at the devils; like رُجُومٌ, as explained by some, pl. of رَجْمٌ, q. v.].

See also the second sentence of the next preceding paragraph.

رَجْمَةٌ: see رَجَمٌ, second sentence.

[It is applied in the present day to Any heap of stones thrown together or piled up.]

Also A [kind of turret, such as is called] مَنَارَة, like a بَيْت [i. e. tent, or house,, &c.], around which they used to circuit: a poet says,

*كَمَا طَافَ بِالرَّجْمَةِ المُرْتَجِمْ↓ *

[Like as when he who beat the ground circuited around the رجمة]. (TA.)

رجمة [thus written, but perhaps it is رُجْمَةٌ↓,] is also sing. of رِجَام signifying [Hills, or mountains,, &c., such as are called] هِضَاب [pl. of هَضْبَةٌ]. (AA, TA.)

رُجْمَةٌ: see رَجَمٌ, second sentence, in two places:

and see also رَجْمَةٌ.

Also The hole, den, or subterranean habitation, of the hyena. (Ṣ, Ḳ.)

And A thing by means of which a palm-tree that is held in high estimation is propped; (Ḳ;) also called رُجْبَةٌ; i. e. a kind of wide bench of stone or brick (دُكَّانٌ) against which the palm-tree leans; as is said by Kr and AḤn: the م is said to be a substitute for ب; or, as ISd thinks, the word is a dial. var., like رُجْبَةٌ. (TA.)

رِجَامٌ i. q. مِرْجَاسٌ; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) i. e. A stone which is tied to the end of a rope, and which is then let down into a well, and stirs up its black mud, after which the water is drawn forth, and thus the well is cleansed: (TA:) sometimes it is tied to the extremity of the cross piece of wood of the bucket, in order that it may descend more quickly. (Ṣ, Ḳ.)

Also A thing that is constructed over a well, and across which is then placed the piece of wood for the bucket. (AA, Ḳ.) And [the dual] رِجَامَانِ Two pieces of wood that are set up over a well, (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA,) at its head [or mouth], (Ṣ, TA,) and upon which is set the pulley, (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA,) or some similar thing by means of which one draws the water. (TA.)

Also a pl. of رُجْمَةٌ. (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ.)

رَجِيمٌ andمَرْجُومٌ↓ Thrown at, or cast at, with stones. (Ṣ.) The former is said to be applied to the devil because he is cast at (مرجوم) with [shooting] stars. (TA.) [In the MA, رَجُومٌ↓, as well as رَجِيمٌ, is explained as signifying Stoned: but it is probably a mistranscription for مَرْجُومٌ.]

Slain [in any manner, but generally meaning put to death by being stoned]. (Ṣ.) لَتَكُونَنَّ مِنَ المَرْجُومِينَ, in the Ḳur [xxvi. 116], is explained as meaning Thou shalt assuredly be of those slain in the most evil manner of slaughter: (TA:) or the meaning is, of those smitten with stones: or, † reviled. (Bḍ, Jel.)

Also the former, ‡ Cursed, or accursed; and in this sense, i. e.مَرْجُومٌ↓ بِاللَّعْنَةِ, applied to the devil. (TA.)

And † Reviled; [and so مَرْجُومٌ↓, as shown above;] and in this sense, also, said to be applied to the devil: and so in the two senses here following. (TA.)

† Driven away; expelled; put, or placed, at a distance, away, or far away. (TA.)

And † Cut off from friendly or loving communion or intercourse; forsaken; or abandoned. (TA.)

رَجِيمَةٌ sing. of رَجَائِمُ, which signifies Mountains at which stones are cast [app. from some superstitious motive, as is done by Arabs in the present day]. (TA.)

مِرْجَمٌ ‡ A horse that beats [or batters] the ground (يُرْجُمُ فِى الأَرْضِ, Ṣ, or يَرْجُمُ الأَرْضَ, Ḳ) with his hoofs: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) or that is as though he did thus: (TA:) or that runs vehemently: (Ḥam p. 158:) applied also in the first sense to a camel; implying commendation: or, as some say, heavy, without slowness. (TA.) And ‡ A strong man: as though his enemy were cast at with him: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) or a defender of his جِنْس [i. e. hind, or kindred by the father's side]. (A, TA.) IAạr says, A man pushed another man, whereupon he [the latter] said, لَتَجِدَنِّى ذَا مَنْكِبٍ مِرْجَمٍ وَرُكْنٍ مِدْعَمٍ † [Thou shalt assuredly find me to be one having a strong shoulder-joint and a stay that is a means of support]. (TA: but there written without any syll. signs.) لِسَانٌ مِرْجَمٌ means † A tongue copious in speech; or chaste, or perspicuous, therein; or eloquent: and strong, or potent. (TA. See also 1, last sentence but one.)

مِرْجَمَةٌ i. q. قَذَّافَةٌ [or قُذَّافَةٌ, which means A sling; and مِرْجَامٌ, q. v., app. signifies the same]: pl. مَرَاجِمُ. (TA.)

مُرَجَّمٌ A narrative, or story, of which one is not to be made to know the real state: (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA:) or, as in some of the copies of the Ṣ, of which one knows not, or will not know, whether it be true or false: (TA:) or respecting which conjectures are formed. (Ḥam p. 494.)

مِرْجَامٌ [app. A sling; like مِرْجَمَةٌ;] a thing with which stones are cast; (Ḳ, TA;) i. q. قَذَّافٌ [q. v.]: pl. مَرَاجِيمُ. (TA.)

And † A camel that stretches out his neck in going along: or that goes strongly, or vehemently; (Ḳ, TA;) as though beating the pebbles (كَأَنَّهُ يُرْجُمُ الحَصَى) with his feet. (TA.)

مَرَاجِمُ pl. of مِرْجَمَةٌ [q. v.]. (TA.)

Also † Foul words: (M, Ḳ:*) a pl. of which no sing. is mentioned. (TA.)

مُرَاجِمٌ One casting [stones] at thee, thou casting at him. (Ḥar p. 567.)