Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

by Edward William Lane (1801-1876)

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رأد رأس رأف


1. ⇒ رأس

رَأَسَهُ, (Ṣ, M, Ḳ,) aor. ـَ {يَرْأَسُ}, (Ḳ, TA, [in a copy of the M ـُ,]) inf. n. رَأْسٌ, (M, TA,) He (a man, Ṣ) hit, or hurt, his head. (Ṣ, M, Ḳ.)

Root: رأس - Entry: 1. Signification: A2

رَأَسْتُهُ بِالعَصَى I struck his head with the staff, or stick. (A.)

Root: رأس - Entry: 1. Signification: A3

رَأَسَهُ البِرْسَامُ The disease called برسام affected, or overcame, (أَخَذَ,) his head. (A.) [And hence,] رُئِسَ, (M, A,) inf. n. رَأْسٌ, (M,) His (a man's) head was, or became, affected, or overcome, by the disease called برسام, or otherwise: (A:) or he had a complaint of his head. (M, TA.)

Root: رأس - Entry: 1. Dissociation: B

رَأَسَ القَوْمَ, (Ṣ, M, A,) and رَأَسَ عَلَيْهِمْ, (M,) aor. ـَ {يَرْأَسُ}, (Ṣ, M,) inf. n. رِئَاسَةٌ, (Ṣ, M, A,)He was, or became, head, chief, commander, governor, ruler, lord, master, prince, or king, of, or over, the people; he headed them; (M, A;*) he was, or became, their superior, (M.) [See also 5.]

Root: رأس - Entry: 1. Signification: B2

Also رَأَسَ, alone, aor. ـَ {يَرْأَسُ}, inf. n. رِئَاسَةٌ, ‡ He was, or became, high in rank or condition. (Mṣb.)

Root: رأس - Entry: 1. Signification: B3

And, with the same aor. and inf. n., ‡ He strove for رِئَاسَة [or headship, or command,] (زَاحَمَ عَلَيْهَا,) and desired it. (IAạr, TA.)


2. ⇒ رأّس

رأّس الضَّبُّ الأَفْعَى The [lizard called] ضبّ turned his head towards the viper, or met the viper head-foremast, in coming forth from his hole: for the viper comes to the hole of the ضبّ, and hunts after it, and sometimes the latter comes forth with its head towards the former, and is said to be مَرَئِّس: and sometimes a man hunts after the ضبّ, and puts a stick into the mouth of its hole, and it imagines it to be a viper, and comes forth head-foremost or tail-foremost, i. e., مُرَئِّسًا أَوْ مُذَنِّبًا. (TA.)

Root: رأس - Entry: 2. Dissociation: B

[The verb is also used intransitively, as meaning It (a ضَبّ) put its head foremost in coming forth from its hole: contr. of ذَنَّبَ.]

Root: رأس - Entry: 2. Dissociation: C

رَأَّسْتُهُ, inf. n. تَرْئِيسٌ, ‡ I made, or appointed, him رَئِيس [i. e. head, chief, commander, governor, ruler, lord, master, prince, or king], (Ṣ, Ḳ,) عَلَى القَوْمِ over the people. (Ṣ, TA.) And رَأَّسُوهُ عَلَى أَنْفُسِهِمْ, (M, A,) seen by Az, in the book of Lth, written رَوَّسُوهُ, but the former is the regular form, (TA,)They made him head, chief, commander,, &c., over themselves. (M, A.)


5. ⇒ ترأّس

ترأّس عَلَى القَوْمِHe became made, or appointed, head, chief, commander, governor, ruler, lord, master, prince, or king, over the people; (Ṣ, M, A;) as alsoارتأس↓ عَلَيْهِمْ: (Ṣ:) or both signify [like رَأَسَ على القوم,] he was, or became, رَئِيس [i. e. head, chief,, &c.] (Ḳ, TA) over the people. (TA.)


8. ⇒ ارتأس

ارتأس الشَّىْءَ He, or it, became mounted, or fixed, upon the head of the thing. (M, TA.*) In the saying, يَرْتَاسُ السِّنَانَ فَيُقْتَلُ [He becomes fixed upon the point of the spear-head, and is slain], in a verse cited by Th, يَرْتَاسُ is for يَرْتَئِسُ. (M.)

Root: رأس - Entry: 8. Dissociation: B
Root: رأس - Entry: 8. Dissociation: C

ارتأس زَيْدًا He took Zeyd by the neck, and lowered it to, or towards, the ground. (Ḳ, from the “Nawádir el-Aaráb.”)

Root: رأس - Entry: 8. Signification: C2

Hence, † He occupied Zeyd so as to divert his attention: (Ḳ, from the same:) and اِكْتَاسَهُ and اِرْتَكَسَهُ and اِعْتَكَسَهُ also signify the same [app. in the former sense, or perhaps in both senses.] (TA, from the same.)


رَأْسٌ

رَأْسٌ, (Ṣ, M, A, Mṣb, Ḳ,) generally with ء, except in the dial. of Benoo-Temeem, who constantly suppress the ء, (Mṣb,) [The head of a man and of any animal;] a certain part of an animal, (Mṣb,) well known: (Mṣb, Ḳ:) masc., (Mṣb, TA,) by common consent: (TA:) and (Ḳ) the highest or uppermost part, or top, or summit, (M, A, Ḳ,) of a thing, (M,) or of anything; (A, Ḳ;) as, for instance, of a mountain, &c.; (the Lexicons, passim;) and the upper, or uppermost, part of a valley: (TA: see رَائِسٌ:) pl. (of pauc., Ṣ, TA) أَرْؤُسٌ, (Ṣ, M, Mṣb, Ḳ,) and, by transposition, آرُسٌ, (M, TA,* [originally أَأْرُسٌ, in the L, erroneously, أٓاراس,]) and (of mult., Ṣ, TA) رُؤُوسُ, (Ṣ, M, Mṣb, Ḳ, [by some carelessly written رُؤُسٌ, and by some, allowably, رُؤُٓسٌ,]) which is not transposed, and رُوْسٌ, which is elliptical. (M, TA.) A poet uses the pl. for the dual, saying,

* رُؤُوسُ كَبِيرَيْهِنَّ يَنْتَطِحَانِ *

[The heads of the two great ones, or old ones, of them, smite each other with their horns]. (M.)

Root: رأس - Entry: رَأْسٌ Signification: A2

أُمُّ الرَّأْسِ: see أُمٌّ.

Root: رأس - Entry: رَأْسٌ Signification: A3

يَوْمُ الرُّؤُوسِ [The day of the heads] is applied by the people of Mekkeh to the day called يَوْمُ القَرِّ, because then they eat the heads of the animals sacrificed. (A, TA.)

Root: رأس - Entry: رَأْسٌ Signification: A4

أَصَابَ رَأْسَهُHe kissed his head: a metonymical phrase. (TA.)

Root: رأس - Entry: رَأْسٌ Signification: A5

رُمِىَ فُلَانٌ مِنْهُ فِى الرَّأْسِ [lit., Such a one was shot by him in the head; meaning,]he turned away from him, and did not look towards him nor pay any regard or attention to him, and deemed him troublesome. (Ṣ, TA.) You say also, رُمِيتُ مِنْكَ فِى الرَّأْسِ, meaning, † Thou hast an evil opinion of me (Ṣ, Ḳ) so that thou canst not look towards me. (Ṣ.)

Root: رأس - Entry: رَأْسٌ Signification: A6

رَكِبَ رَأْسَهُ: see art. ركب.

Root: رأس - Entry: رَأْسٌ Signification: A7

وَلَدَتْ وَلَدَهَا عَلَى رَأْسٍ وَاحِدٍShe brought forth her children one after, or near after, another. (IAạr, M.) In like manner you say, وُلِدَ لَهُ ثَلَاثَةُ أَوْلَادٍ رَأْسًا عَلَى إِثْرِ رَأْسٍ, (M,) or رَأْسًا عَلَى رَأْسٍ, (TA,)He had three children born to him one after, or near after, another. (M, TA.) And اِجْعَلْ هٰذَا الشَّىْءَ رَأْسًا وَاحِدًاMake thou this thing to be [uniform, or] of one way, or mode, or manner. (ISK, TA in art. بأج.)

Root: رأس - Entry: رَأْسٌ Signification: A8

عِنْدِى رَأْسُ مِنَ الغَنَمِ[I have one head of sheep or goats]: and عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَرْؤُسٍ[a number of head thereof]. (A, TA.) It is said in a trad. of' Omar, وَٱجْعَلُوا الرَّأْسَ رَأْسَيْنِAnd make ye the one head two head, by buying two animals with the price of one, that, when one dies, the second may remain. (Mgh in art. فرق.) And you say, فُلَانٌ يَرْتَبِطُ كَذَا رَأْسًا مِنَ الدَّوَابِّ [Such a one ties so many head of beasts]. (Ṣ in art. ربط.)

Root: رأس - Entry: رَأْسٌ Signification: A9

أَعْطِنِى رَأْسًا مِنْ ثُومٍ وَسِنًّا مِنْهُ[Give thou to me a head of garlic, and a clove thereof]: and كَمْ فِى رَأْسِكَ مِنْ سِنِّ[How many cloves are there in thy head of garlic?]. (A, TA.)

Root: رأس - Entry: رَأْسٌ Signification: A10

رَأْسٌ also signifies The extremity of a thing: or, as some say, the end, or last, thereof. (MF. TA.)

Root: رأس - Entry: رَأْسٌ Signification: A11

[A head, head-land, cape, or promontory.]

Root: رأس - Entry: رَأْسٌ Signification: A12

The hilt of a sword; (A;) and soرِئَاسٌ↓; (Ṣ, M, Ḳ; [in a copy of the A رِيَاسَةٌ;]) or this signifies its pommel, (Ṣgh, Ḳ,) more correctly; (Ṣgh;) and is also written رِيَاسٌ, but whether for رِئَاسٌ or originally with ى is doubtful. (M.) [From the first of the above-mentioned significations arise several others, which are tropical.]

Root: رأس - Entry: رَأْسٌ Signification: A13

[Hence, الرَّأْسُ وَالذَّنَبُThe two nodes of a planet: see تِنِّينٌ.]

Root: رأس - Entry: رَأْسٌ Signification: A14

[Hence likewise,] رَأْسٌ is also ‡ syn. with رَئِيسٌ, q. v. infrà. (M, Ḳ.) You say, مَا أُرِيدُهُ رَأْسًا[I do not desire him as a رئيس, i. e. head, chief,, &c.]. (A.) And it is said in a trad., رَأْسُ الكُفْرِ مِنْ قِبَلِ المَشْرِقِ[The head, or leader, of infidelity is from the direction of the place of sunrise]: indicating that Ed-Dejjál or some other of the heads of error will come forth in the east. (TA.)

Root: رأس - Entry: رَأْسٌ Signification: A15

رَأْسُ المَالِThe capital, or principal, of property. (Mṣb, Ḳ.) [Hence the saying,] أَقْرَضَتْنِى عَشَرَةً بِرَؤُوسِهَاShe lent me ten [pieces of money] as a loan whereof the principal was to be repaid without interest. (Mgh, TA.*)

Root: رأس - Entry: رَأْسٌ Signification: A16

القَافِيَةُ الرأْسُ البَيْتِ[The rhyme is the principal, or most essential, part of the verse]: said by one of the tribe of' Okeyl, to IJ. (M.)

Root: رأس - Entry: رَأْسٌ Signification: A17

رَأْسُ الدِّينِ الخَشْيَةُ[The principal part, or the beginning, of religion is fear of God]. (A, TA.)

Root: رأس - Entry: رَأْسٌ Signification: A18

رَأْسُ الشَّهْرِThe beginning of the month. (Mṣb.) [And in like manner, رَأْسُ السَّنَةِThe beginning, or first day, of the year.]

Root: رأس - Entry: رَأْسٌ Signification: A19

رَأْسُ الأَمْرِ, (Ḳ, TA,) orرِئَاس↓, (so in the CK,) [both correct, as will be seen from what follows,]The beginning of the affair; the first thereof. (Ḳ, TA.)

Root: رأس - Entry: رَأْسٌ Signification: A20

أَعِدْ عَلَىَّ كَلَامَكَ مِنْ رَأْسٍ, (Ṣ, M,) and مِنَ الرَّأْسِ, but this is less common, (M,) or is a vulgar phrase, not allowable, (Ṣ,)[Repeat thou to me thy speech from the beginning:] said by a person to one talking to him. (TA.) One also says to a person talking to him, خُذْهُ مِنْ رَأْسٍ[Take thou it from the beginning]. (A.)

Root: رأس - Entry: رَأْسٌ Signification: A21

أَنْتَ عَلَىرَأْسِ أَمْرِكَ, andعلى رِئَاسِهِ↓Thou art on the point of accomplishing thine affair: (M, TA:) orأَنْتَ عَلَى رِئَاسِ↓ أَمْرِكَ signifies † thou art at the beginning of thine affair; and the vulgar say, عَلَى رَأْسِ أَمْرِكَ (Ṣ, TA.)

Root: رأس - Entry: رَأْسٌ Signification: A22

أَضْرَعَتْ عَلَى رَأْسِ الوَلَدِ: see art. ضرع.

Root: رأس - Entry: رَأْسٌ Signification: A23

كَانَ ذٰلِكَ عَلَى رَأْسِ فُلَانٍThat was in the time of such a one; in his life-time: like the phrase عَلَى رِجْلِ فُلَانٍ. (TA in art. رجل.)

Root: رأس - Entry: رَأْسٌ Signification: A24

رَأْسٌ also signifies ‡ A numerous and strong company of people. (Aṣ, Ṣ, M, Ḳ.) You say, هُمْ رَأْسٌThey are a numerous and strong company of people. (Ṣ.) And هُمْ رَأْسٌ عَظِيمٌThey are an army by themselves, not needing any aid. (A, TA.) ʼAmr Ibn-Kulthoom says, (Ṣ,)

* بِرَأْسٍ مِنْ بَنِى جُشَمِ بْنِ بِكْرٍ *
* نَدُقُّ بِهِ السُّهُولَةَ وَالحُزُونَا *

[as though meaning, With a numerous and strong company of Benoo-Jusham-Ibn-Bekr, with which we beat the plains and the rugged tracts]: (Ṣ, M:) but [J says,] I think that he means رَئِيس, [i. e. head, chief,, &c.,] because he says ندقّ بِهِ, not بِهِمْ (Ṣ.)


رُؤَاسٌ

رُؤَاسٌ: see أَرْأَسُ.


رِئَاسٌ

رِئَاسٌ: see رَأْسٌ, in the middle of the paragraph: and again, in three places, in the latter part thereof.


رَؤُوسٌ

رَؤُوسٌ: see رَائِسٌ.

Root: رأس - Entry: رَؤُوسٌ Signification: A2

Also A camel having no fatness (طِرْق) remaining except in the head; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) and soمُرَائِسٌ↓, (Ṣ, TA,) incorrectly said in the Ḳ to be مُرَأَّسٌ↓, like مُعَظَّمٌ; (TA;) mentioned by A' Obeyd, from Fr.; (Ṣ;) so tooمِرْآسٌ↓. (Ḳ.)


رَئِيسٌ

رَئِيسٌ Hit, or hurt, in the head; as alsoمَرْؤُوسٌ↓. (Ṣ.) Hence, شَاةٌ رَئِيسٌ A sheep or goat, or a ewe or she-goat, hit, or hurt, in her head: pl. رَآسَى: (Ṣ, M, Ḳ:) you say غَنَمٌ رَآسَى. (Ṣ, Ḳ.)

Root: رأس - Entry: رَئِيسٌ Signification: A2

Having his head broken, its skin being cleft. (TA.)

Root: رأس - Entry: رَئِيسٌ Signification: A3

Having his head affected, or overcome, by the disease called بِرْسَام; as alsoمَرْؤُوسٌ↓: (A:) or the latter, a man afflicted with that disease: (M, TA:*) and the same, also, a man having a complaint of his head. (TA.)

Root: رأس - Entry: رَئِيسٌ Dissociation: B

‡ The head, or headman, chief, commander, governor, ruler, lord, master, prince, or king, of a people; a person of authority; (Ṣ, M, A,* Ḳ;) as alsoرَيِّسٌ↓ (Ṣ, Ḳ) andرَأْسٌ↓ [q. v.]; (M, A, Ḳ;) and [in like manner] رَائِسٌ↓, syn. of this last, وَالٍ: (Ḳ:) or رَئِيسٌ signifies, [or rather signifies also,] a person high in rank or condition: (Mṣb:) its pl. is رُؤَسَآهُ, (M, Mṣb,) pronounced by the vulgar رُوَسَآء: (TA:) in El-Yemen, رَيِّسٌ↓ is applied to one who shaves the head. (TA in art. ريس.)

Root: رأس - Entry: رَئِيسٌ Signification: B2

رَئِيسُ الكِلَابِ (Ṣ, M, A,) andرَائِسُهَا↓, (M, TA,)[The chief, or leader, of the dogs;] the dog that is' among the other dogs, as the رَئِيس among a people: (Ṣ:) the chief of the dogs, that is not preceded by them in the chase. (M, TA.)

Root: رأس - Entry: رَئِيسٌ Signification: B3

الأَعْضَآءُ الرَّئِيسَةُ[The capital parts of an animal] are, with physicians, four; (Mgh, TA;) namely, the heart, the brain, the liver, and the testicles: (Mgh, Ḳ, TA:) the first three, because without every one of them the person cannot exist; and the last, because privation thereof is a privation of نَوْع [properly species]: the assertion that they are the nose, and the tongue, and the penis, is erroneous. (Mgh, TA.)


رُؤَاسِىٌّ

رُؤَاسِىٌّ: see أَرْأَسُ.


رُوَّسٌ

رُؤُوسٌ رُوَّسٌ: see مِرْأَسٌ.


رَأّٓسٌ

رَأّٓسٌ A seller of heads: (Ṣ, M, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ:) رَوَّاسٌ, (Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb,) or رَوَّاسِىٌّ, (Ḳ, TA,) with و and with the relative ى, (TA,) is vulgar, (Ṣ,) or incorrect, (Mgh, Ḳ,) or post-classical. (Mṣb.)


رِئِّيسٌ

رِئِّيسٌ One who is often made or appointed, or who often becomes, رَئِيس [i. e. head, chief,, &c.]. (Ḳ, TA.)


رَائِسٌ

رَائِسٌ [act. part. n. of 1.]

Root: رأس - Entry: رَائِسٌ Signification: A2

كَلْبَةٌ رَائِسٌ, (M,) or رَائِسَةٌ, (TA,) A bitch that takes the object of the chase by the head. (M, TA.) And [in like manner]كَلْبَةٌ رَؤُوسٌ↓ A bitch that springs upon the head of the object of the chase. (TA.)

Root: رأس - Entry: رَائِسٌ Dissociation: B

رَائِسٌ also signifies Anything elevated, or rising above the part or parts adjacent to it. (M, TA.) The head (رَأْس↓) of a valley: (M, TA:) pl. رَوَائِسُ, (TA,) which signifies the upper, or uppermost, parts of valleys. (Ḳ, TA.)

Root: رأس - Entry: رَائِسٌ Dissociation: C

سَحَابَةٌ رَائِسٌ, (M,) or رَائِسَةٌ, (TA,) andمُرَائِسٌ↓, (M,)A cloud preceding the other clouds: (M: [but perhaps سَحَابَةٌ in the copy of the M from which this is taken is a mistake for سَحَابٌ, i. e. clouds:]) pl. رَوَائِسُ. (Ḳ,* TA.)

Root: رأس - Entry: رَائِسٌ Signification: C2

See also رَئِيسٌ, in two places.


رَيِّسٌ

رَيِّسٌ: see رَئِيسٌ, in two places.


أَرْأَسٌ

أَرْأَسٌ Having a large head; (Ṣ, M, A, Mgh, Ḳ;*) applied to a man, (Ṣ, A, Mgh,) and to a sheep or goat, (Ṣ, TA,) and to a stallion; (TA; [but فحل, there, is perhaps a mistake for رَجُلٌ;]) as alsoرُؤَاسِىٌّ↓; (Ṣ, M, A, Ḳ;) which is likewise applied to a man, (Ṣ, A,) and to a stallion, (TA,) but not to a sheep or goat; (ISk, Ṣ;) and رَوَّاسِىٌّ; (TA in art. روس;) andرُؤَاسٌ↓; (M, TA;) applied to a stallion; (TA;) andمَرْؤُوسٌ↓: (Ḳ,* TA:) fem. of the first, رَأْسَآءُ. (M.)

Root: رأس - Entry: أَرْأَسٌ Signification: A2

Also رَأْسَآءُ A ewe, (Ṣ, M, Ḳ,) or she-goat, (M,) having a black head (AʼObeyd, Ṣ, M, Ḳ) and face, (Ṣ, M, Ḳ,) the rest of her being white. (Ṣ.)


مِرْأَسٌ

رَأْسٌ مِرْأَسٌ, incorrectly written in the Ḳ مَرْأَسٌ, like مَقْعَدٌ, (TA,) i. q. مِصَكٌّ لِلرُّؤُوسِ [app. meaning A head strong to butt, or knock, against other heads]: pl. رُؤُوسٌ مَرَائِيسُ, (Ḳ, TA,) or مَرَائِسُ; (CK;) andرُؤُوسٌ رُؤَّسٌ↓ [signifies the same]. (Ḳ,* TA.)


مُرَأَّسٌ

مُرَأَّسٌ: see رَؤُوسٌ.


مُرَئِّسٌ

مُرَئِّسٌ A [lizard of the kind called] ضبّ coming forth from his hole having his head foremost: opposed to مُذَنِّبٌ. (TA.)

Root: رأس - Entry: مُرَئِّسٌ Signification: A2

المُرَئِّسُ The lion. (Ḳ.)


مِرْآسٌ

مِرْآسٌ A horse that bites the heads of other horses when running with them in a race: (M, Ḳ:*) or [so in some copies of the Ḳ, but in others “and,”] that takes precedence of the other horses in a race. (Ḳ,* TA.)

Root: رأس - Entry: مِرْآسٌ Signification: A2

مَرْؤُوسٌ

مَرْؤُوسٌ: see رَئِيسٌ, in four places:

Root: رأس - Entry: مَرْؤُوسٌ Signification: A2
Root: رأس - Entry: مَرْؤُوسٌ Signification: A3

Also One whose desire (شَهْوَة) is in his head only. (Fr, Ṣgh, Ḳ.)

Root: رأس - Entry: مَرْؤُوسٌ Dissociation: B

Subjects [of a رَئِيس]. (Ḳ.)


مُرَائِسٌ

مُرَائِسٌ: see رَائِسٌ:

Root: رأس - Entry: مُرَائِسٌ Signification: A2
Root: رأس - Entry: مُرَائِسٌ Dissociation: B

Also One holding back (Ṣgh, Ḳ) from the party [to which he belongs] (Ṣgh, TA) in fight, or battle. (Ṣgh, Ḳ.)


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