Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

زَهَقَتْ نَفْسُهُ, and زَهِقَتْ, (Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ,) the latter preferred by IḲooṭ and Hr, but the former by AʼObeyd, (TA,) aor. ـَ {يَزْهَقُ}, (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ,*) inf. n. زُهُوقٌ, (Ṣ, Mgh,) which is of both verbs, (Ṣ,) or this is of the former verb, and the inf. n. of the latter is زَهَقٌ, (Mṣb,) [but in the Ḳ it seems to be indicated, by its being said of the latter verb that it is of the class of سَمِعَ, that the inf. n. of this verb is زَهْقٌ,] His soul went forth, passed forth, or departed: (Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ, TA:) it perished: it died: (TA:) اِنْزَهَقَتْ↓ نَفْسُهُ and اِنْزِهَاقُ الرُّوحِ are not of the [classical] language of the Arabs. (Mgh.) It is said in the Ḳur [ix. 55 and 86] وَتَزْهَقَ أَنْفُسُهُمْ وَهُمْ كَافِرُونَ [And that their souls may depart while they are unbelievers]. (Ṣ.) The primary meaning of زُهُوقٌ is The going forth, passing forth, or departing, with difficulty. (Bḍ in ix. 55.)

[Hence,] زَهَقَ الشَّىْءُ ‡ The thing perished, passed away, or came to nought; (Mṣb, Ḳ, TA;) became null, void, or of no effect. (Ḳ, TA.) And زَهَقَ البَاطِلُ ‡ What was false, or vain, passed away, or came to nought, (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ, TA,) being overcome by the truth, or reality, or fact: or, accord. to Ḳatádeh, by الباطل is here meant the devil. (TA.)

And زَهَقَ السَّهْمُ (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ, TA) and زَهِقَ (Mṣb) ‡ The arrow passed beyond the butt, (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ, TA,) and fell behind it: (TA:) or went swiftly: (Ḥam p. 23:) or the former has this meaning: and the latter is syn. with زَلِقَ [app. meaning it slid along the ground]. (JK.)

And زَهَقَ الفَرَسُ, aor. ـَ {يَزْهَقُ}, inf. n. زُهُوقٌ, † The horse preceded, went before, got before, outwent, or outstripped. (Ṣ,* Mṣb.) And زَهَقَتِ الرَّاحِلَةُ, inf. n. زُهُوقٌ (ISk, Ṣ, Ḳ) and زَهْقٌ, (TA as from the Ḳ, [but not in the CK nor in my MṢ. copy of the Ḳ,]) ‡ The saddle-camel preceded, went before, got before, outwent, or outstripped, the horses, or horsemen; (ISk, JK,* Ṣ, Ḳ, TA;) andانزهقت↓ signifies the same. (JK.) And زَهَقَ فُلَانٌ, inf. n. زَهْقٌ and زُهُوقٌ, ‡ Such a one preceded, went before,, &c.; (Ḳ, TA;) or زَهَقَ بَيْنَ أَيْدِينَا ‡ preceded us, went before us,, &c., and preceded,, &c., the horses, or horsemen; (TA;) andانزهق↓ signifies the same. (Ḳ.)

زَهَقَ said of a bone, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) aor. ـَ {يَزْهَقُ}, (Ḳ,) inf. n. زُهُوقٌ, Its marrow became compact and full; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) as alsoازهق↓. (L, Ḳ.) And زَهَقَتِ الدَّابَّةُ, with the same aor. and inf. n., The beast was, or became, marrowy in the utmost degree, its marrow-bones being compacted and full. (TA.)

Also, said of marrow, It was, or became, compact and full. (Ṣ, Ḳ.)

زاهق الحَقُّ البَاطِلَ (TA [there expl. by زَهَقَه, a mistranscription, app. forأزْهَقَهُ↓, meaning † The truth, or reality, or fact, made what was false, or vain, to pass away, or come to nought.])

زَهَقَتْ نَفْسُهُ He (God) caused his soul to go forth, pass forth, or depart. (Mgh, Mṣb.) The phrase القَتْلُ إِزْهَاقٌ means † Slaughter is a cause of making the soul to come to nought, and to depart. (Mgh.)

[Hence,] ازهق البَاطِلَ ‡ He (God) caused what was false, or vain, to pass away, or come to nought. (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA.) See also 3.

And ازهق السَّهْمَ (Ṣ, Ḳ) مِنَ الهَدَفِ (Ḳ) ‡ He made the arrow to pass beyond the butt. (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA.)

And ازهقت الدَّابَّةُ السَّرْجَ † The beast shifted forward the saddle, and threw it upon its neck: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) and, or but, it is said to be with رَآء: [i. e. one says also, or correctly, accord. to some, أَرْهَقَتْهُ:] a rájiz says,

* أَخَافُ أَنْ تُزْهِقَهُ أَوْ يَنْزَرِقْ *

[† I fear that she may shift it forward, and throw it upon her neck, or it may shift backwards]: [thus, says J,] cited to me by Abu-lGhowth, with زَاى. (Ṣ.) [Accord. to my copy of the KL,تَزْهِيقٌ↓, inf. n. of زهّق, signifies † The shifting backwards of a camel's saddle from his back: see 2 in art. زرق.]

And ازهق فِى السَّيْرِ † He was quick [as though urging himself forward] in pace, or journeying. (Ḳ.)

ازهقهُ also signifies He filled it; (Ṣ, O, Ḳ;) namely, a vessel: (Ṣ, O:) but accord. to the L, he overturned it; i. e. a vessel. (TA.)

See also 1, near the end.

see 1, in three places.

One says also انزهقت الدَّابَّةُ † The beast leaped, or leaped upwards, (Ṣ,) or went forward, or preceded, (O, Ḳ,) in consequence of beating, or taking fright. (Ṣ, O, Ḳ.) And The beast fell into a deep place, or from a mountain; or fell from a mountain and died; syn. تَرَدَّتْ. (TA. [See the next paragraph.])

زَهَقٌ A low, or depressed, part of the ground. (Ṣ, O, Ḳ.) A hollow, or cavity, or deep hollow or cavity, in the ground; syn. وَهْدَةٌ: (JK, TA:) sometimes, or often, beasts fall into it, and die. (TA. [See 7.])

زَهِقٌ ‡ Light, and unsteady, or lightwitted; (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA;) applied to a man. (Ṣ.)

And A beast not exceeded in fatness. (TA.)

زَهَقَى † A mare that precedes, or outgoes, the [other] horses, or the horsemen. (Sh, Ḳ.)

هُمْ زُهَاقُ مِائَةٍ and زِهَاقُ مائة i. q. زُهَآءُ مِائَةٍ, (Ḳ,* TA,) i. e. They are of the number of a hundred. (TA.)

زَهُوقٌ ‡ A thing passing away, or coming to nought; or that passes away, or comes to nought; as alsoزَاهِقٌ↓. (Ḳ, TA.) Hence, in the Ḳur [xvii. 83], إِنَّ البَاطِلَ كَانَ زَهُوقًا, i. e. ‡ [Verily what is false, or vain,] is a thing that passes away, or comes to nought. (TA.)

‡ A deep well; (JK, Ṣ, Ḳ;) as alsoزَاهِقَةٌ↓; [in the TA زَاهِقٌ;] and in like manner both are applied to a place of destruction (مَتْلَفَةٌ); (JK;) and to a مَتْلَفَة [app. meaning a desert in which people perish] as meaning far-extending. (Ḥam p. 23.) And in like manner, (Ṣ,) the former is also applied [app. as an epithet] to a فَجّ [or road, or depressed road,] of an overpeering, or overhanging, mountain. (Ṣ, Ḳ.)

Also ‡ Light, or active; syn. خَفِيفٌ. (JK.)

زَاهِقٌ Perishing, or dying. (Az, TA.)

See also زَهُوقٌ, in two places.

‡ An arrow passing beyond the butt, and falling behind it: (Mgh, TA:) whence the saying, in a trad., إِنَّ حَابِيًا خَيْرٌ مِنْ زَاهِقٍ [expl. in art. حبو]. (TA.)

[† Preceding, or outgoing.] You say, جَآءَ زَاهِقًا † He came before, or in advance of, the horses, or horsemen. (JK.) And رَاحِلَةٌ زَاهِقَةٌ † A saddlecamel preceding, going before, getting before, outgoing, or outstripping, the horses, or horsemen. (Ṣ.)

† A man put to flight: (Ṣ, O, Ḳ:) pl. زُهَقٌ, (so in my copies of the Ṣ,) or زُهَّقٌ, (so in the O,) or زُهْقٌ and زُهُقٌ, with damm and with two dammehs. (Ḳ.)

‡ Water running vehemently: (JK, Ḳ, TA:) and † a canal (خَلِيجٌ) running swiftly. (TA.)

Applied to a beast (دَابَّة), Fat, (JK, Az, Ṣ, Ḳ,) and marrowy: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) or marrowy, but not fat in the utmost degree: or having thin, or little, marrow: (TA:) and dry, or tough, (Ḳ, TA,) by reason of leanness; so says Aṣ: (TA:) and, (Ḳ,) or as some say, (JK,) very lean; (JK, Ḳ, TA;) Such that a foul odour is perceived arising from the meagreness of its flesh: (TA:) thus it bears two contr. meanings. (Ḳ.)

And, applied to marrow, Compact and full: (Ṣ, TA:) or, so applied, good in respect of fatness: and some say, i. q. رَارٌ [i. e. in a melting state, or corrupt, by reason of emaciation; or thin;, &c.]: so that [thus applied also] it bears two contr. meanings. (JK.) In the saying of a rájiz, (Ṣ, TA,) namely, 'Omárah Ibn-Tárik, (TA,)

* وَمَسَدٍ أُمِرَّ مِنْ أَيَانِقِ *

* لَسْنَ بِأَنْيَابٍ وَلَا حَقَائِقِ *

* وَلَا ضِعَافٍ مُخُّهُنَّ زَاهِقُ *

accord. to Fr, it is in the nom. case, the poetry being what is termed مُكْفَأ, [by which is here meant having one rhyme made to end with kesreh (which is substituted for fet-ḥah by poetic license) and another with ḍammeh,] the poet meaning [And a rope, or many a rope, tightly twisted, of the fur of she-camels, that were not aged ones, nor such as had their teeth fallen out by reason of extreme age, nor weak,] but whose marrow was compact and full: [or, agreeably with an explanation given above from the JK, زاهق may mean in a melting state,, &c.:] another explanation is, that زاهق here means ذَاهِب [going away]: (Ṣ, TA:) but, as Ṣgh says, the [right] reading is

* عِيسٍ عِتَاقٍ ذَاتِ مُخٍّ زَاهِقِ *

[meaning but of a reddish, or yellowish, or dingy, white hue, of generous race, having compact and full marrow]. (TA.)

أُزْهُوقَةٌ sing. of أَزَاهِيق in the phrase فَرَسٌ ذَاتُ أَزَاهِيقَ ‡ A mare having wonderful, or admirable, qualities in running: (A, TA:) or this means a mare having a swift running. (Ṣ, Ḳ.)

One says also, جَآءَ تِ الخَيْلُ أَزَاهِقَ and أَزَاهِيقَ, meaning † [The horses, or horsemen, came] in troops in a state of dispersion. (AʼObeyd, TA.)

أَزَاهِيقُ is also the name of A horse of Ziyád Ibn-Hindábeh. (Ḳ.)

مُزْهَقٌ Slain. (El-Muärrij, Ṣ.)

مُزْهِقٌ Slaying, or a slayer. (El-Muärrij, Ṣ.)

And † A man quick [as though urging himself forward] in his pace, or journeying. (Ṣ, TA.)

And † Loquacious. (JK.)

مَزْهَقَةٌ [A cause of the departure of the soul: a word of the same class as مَبْخَلَةٌ and مَجْبَنَةٌ].

[Hence,] one says of a camel which others strive in vain to overtake, هٰذَا الجَمَلُ مَزْهَقَةٌ لِأَرْوَاحِ المَطِىِّ ‡ [This camel is one that takes away the breath of the other beasts, or saddle-camels]. (A, TA.)

رَجُلٌ مَزْهُوقٌ † A man who is straitened. (TA.)