Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

by Edward William Lane (1801-1876)

Toggle Menu

زنى زهد زهر


1. ⇒ زهد

زَهِدَ فِيهِ, (Ṣ, A, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ,) and عَنْهُ, (Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb,) aor. ـَ {يَزْهَدُ}; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) [the most usual form of the verb;] and زَهَدَ, aor. ـَ {يَزْهَدُ}; (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ;) which is the most approved form, though MF says otherwise; (TA;) and زَهُدَ, aor. ـُ {يَزْهُدُ}; (Th, Ḳ;) inf. n. زُهْدٌ and زَهَادَةٌ (Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ) and زَهْدٌ; (Sb, TA;) He abstained from it; [meaning, from something that would gratify the passions or senses;] relinquished it; forsook it; shunned, or avoided, it; did not desire it; (Ṣ, A, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ;) contr. of رَغِبَ [i. e. of رَغِبَ فِيهِ], (Ṣ, Ḳ,) and i. q. رَغِبَ عَنْهُ, (A, Mgh,) and لَمْ يُرِدْهُ, (Mgh,) and تَرَكَهُ and أَعْرَضَ عَنْهُ: (Mṣb:) or he abstained from it, meaning a thing of the lawfulness of which he was sure, so far as to take the least that was sufficient thereof, leaving the rest to God: (MF:) or زَهَادَةٌ relates only to worldly things; and زُهْدٌ, to matters of religion: (Kh, Mṣb, Ḳ:) or both signify the exercising oneself in the service of God, or in acts of devotion; as alsoتَزَهُّدٌ↓: (KL:) he who makes a difference between زَهِدَ فِيهِ and زَهِدَ عَنْهُ errs. (Mgh.)

Root: زهد - Entry: 1. Signification: A2

زَهَادَةٌ and زُهْدٌ also signify [particularly The being abstinent in respect of eating;] the eating little. (A, TA.)

Root: زهد - Entry: 1. Signification: A3

And زَهَدَ andازهد↓ He straitened his household, by reason of niggardliness or poverty. (TA in art. زنق.)

Root: زهد - Entry: 1. Dissociation: B

زَهَدَهُ, aor. ـَ {يَزْهَدُ}, (Ḳ,) inf. n. زَهْدٌ, (TA,)He computed, or determined, its quantity, measure, size, bulk, proportion, extent, amount, sum, or number; or he computed by conjecture its quantity or measure, &c., or the quantity of its fruit; as alsoازهدهُ↓, (Ḳ, TA,) inf. n. إِزْهَادٌ; andزهّدهُ↓, inf. n. تَزْهِيدٌ: all used in relation to palm-trees. (TA.) You say, زَهَدْتُ النَّخْلُ, aor. and inf. n. as above, ‡ I computed by conjecture the quantity of the fruit upon the palm-trees. (Esh-Sheybánee, Ṣ, TA.) And زَهَدْتُ المَالَI computed by conjecture the quantity, or amount, of the property; or the number of the camels or cattle. (JK.)


2. ⇒ زهّد

زهّدهُ فِيهِ [and عَنْهُ] He made him, or caused him, to abstain from it; to relinquish it; to forsake it; to shun, or avoid, it; or to be not desirous of it; (L, Mṣb;) i. q. زَغَّبَهُ عَنْهُ; (L;) trans. of زَهِدَ فِيهِ: (Mṣb:) [i. e.] التَّزْهِيدُ فِى الشَّىْءِ and عَنْهُ is the contr. of التَّرْغِيبُ فِيهِ. (Ṣ, Ḳ.*)

Root: زهد - Entry: 2. Signification: A2

And التَّزْهِيدُ is also ‡ syn. with التَّبْخِيلُ. (Ḳ, TA. [In the CK, erroneously, التَّبْخِيلُ.]) One says, النَّاسُ يُزَهِّدُونَهُ and يُبَخِّلُونَهُ[Men, or the people, impute to him, or accuse him of, niggardliness, or stinginess]. (A, TA.) And 'Adee. Ibn-Zeyd says,

* وَلَلْبَخْلَةُ الأُولَى لِمَنْ كَانَ بَاخِلًا *
* أَعَقُّ وَمَنْ يَبْخَلْ يُلَمْ وَيُزْهَّدِ *

i. e. † [And verily the first single act of niggardliness, of him who is acting in a niggardly manner, is most undutious to parents; (app. because generosity is what they enjoin above all things;) and he who is niggardly is blamed, and] is charged with being a niggard, a low or mean or sordid man. (TA.)

Root: زهد - Entry: 2. Signification: A3

4. ⇒ ازهد

ازهد, (JK, L,) inf. n. إِزْهَادٌ, (JK, Ṣ, L,) He was, or became, one whose property was not desired, because of its littleness; (JK, L;) he possessed little property, (Ṣ * L,) which, because of its littleness, was not desired. (L.)

Root: زهد - Entry: 4. Signification: A2
Root: زهد - Entry: 4. Dissociation: B

ازهدهُ: see 1, near the end.


5. ⇒ تزهّد

تزهّد He manifested, or made a show of, زُهْد [or abstinence,, &c., generally meaning exercise in the service of God, or devotion]: (KL:) [and] he devoted himself to the service of God, or to religious exercises; or applied himself to acts of devotion. (Ṣ, Mṣb.) See also 1.


6. ⇒ تزاهد

تزاهدوهُThey contemned, or despised, him, or it. (Ḳ.) It is said in a trad., of wine-drinkers, تزاهدوا الحَدَّ, i. e. they contemned the حَدّ [or prescribed castigation]; held it in little, or mean, estimation; regarded it as a small thing. (TA.) [See also what next follows {8}.]


8. ⇒ ازتهدازدهد

اِزْدَهَدَهُHe reckoned it little. (Ḳ.) You say, فُلَانٌ يَزْدَهِدُ عَطَآءَ فُلَانٍSuch a one reckons little the gift of such a one. (ISk, Ṣ.) [See also what next precedes.]


زَهْدٌ

زَهْدٌA small quantity. (A.) You say, خُذْ زَهْدَ مَا يَكْفِيكَ (JK, Ṣ, Ḳ)Take thou the small quantity that is sufficient for thee: (A:) or as much as is sufficient for thee. (JK, Ṣ.)


زَهَدٌ

زَهَدٌ ‡ The poor-rate; syn. زَكَاةٌ: (A, Ḳ:) mentioned by Aboo-Saʼeed, on the authority of Mubtekir El-Bedawee: so called, accord. to Aboo-Saʼeed, because of its littleness; the زكاة of property being the least portion of it; or, accord. to the A, because the fortieth part [which is its general proportion] is little. (TA.) So in the saying, مَا لَكَ تَمْنَعُ الزَّهَدَ[What aileth thee that thou refusest the poor-rate?]. (A, TA.)


زَهَادٌ

أَرْضٌ زَهَادٌLand that does not flow with water except in consequence of much rain: (Ṣ:) or land that flows with water in consequence of the least rain; (ISk, JK, and TA in art. حشد;) as also حَشَادٌ; (ISk, TA in art. حشد;) [contr. of أَرْضٌ رَغَابٌ: see also زَهِيدٌ.] And زَهَادُ التِّلَاعِThe small water-courses. (L.)


زَهِيدٌ / زَهِيدَةٌ

زَهِيدٌ Who eats little; (T, Ḳ;) applied to a man; (T;) [and] so زَهِيدُ الأَكْلِ; (Ṣ;) or زَهِيدُ الطَّعْمِ: (A:) and so زَهِيدٌ or زَهِيدَةٌ, (as in different places in the T,) applied to a woman: contr. of [رَغِيبٌ and] رَغِيبَةٌ. (T.) You say,فُلَانٌ زَاهِدٌ↓ زَهِيدٌ, i. e. [Such a one is abstinent,, &c., and] a small eater. (A.)

Root: زهد - Entry: زَهِيدٌ Signification: A2

Small in quantity or number: (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ:) so applied to a gift. (Ṣ.)

Root: زهد - Entry: زَهِيدٌ Signification: A3

Contemptible, despicable, mean, or paltry. (TA.)

Root: زهد - Entry: زَهِيدٌ Signification: A4

‡ A man who possesses, or does, little, or no, good. (A, TA.)

Root: زهد - Entry: زَهِيدٌ Signification: A5

† A man (Lḥ, TA) narrow, or niggardly, in disposition; (Lḥ, Ḳ, TA;) as alsoزَاهِدٌ↓; (Ḳ;) fem. of the former with ة {زَهِيدَةٌ}: (Lḥ, TA:) a low, ignoble, ungenerous, mean, or sordid, man; such that one does not desire what he possesses; as also زَاهِدٌ↓. (L.)

Root: زهد - Entry: زَهِيدٌ Signification: A6

هُوَ زَهِيدُ العَيْنِ, and لَهُ عَيْنٌ زَهِيدَةٌ, ‡ He is content with little; contr. of هُوَ رَغِيبُ العَيْنِ and لَهُ عَيْنٌ رَغِيبَةٌ. (A, TA.)

Root: زهد - Entry: زَهِيدٌ Signification: A7

وَادٍ زَهِيدٌA narrow valley: (JK, Ḳ:) or a valley that takes, or receives, little water; (ISh, Ṣ, TA;) that is made to flow by a slight quantity of water, even as much as a she-goat voids into it, because it is even and hard: (ISh, TA:) contr. of وَادٍ رَغِيبٌ. (TA in art. رغب.) [See also زَهَادٌ.] And زَهِيدُ الأَرْضِWhat is narrow, of land; and that from which much water does not come forth: pl. زُهْدَانٌ. (L.)


زِهِّيدٌ

زِهِّيدٌ: see the next paragraph.


زَاهِدٌ

زَاهِدٌ act. part. n. of زَهِدَ [i. e. Abstaining, or abstinent; relinquishing; forsaking; shunning, or avoiding; not desiring or desirous: and particularly abstaining from, or shunning, or retiring from, worldly pleasures; exercising himself in the service of God, or in acts of devotion; a devotee]: andزِهِّيدٌ↓ has a similar, but intensive, meaning [i. e. abstaining much, or very abstinent;, &c.]: pl. of the former زُهَّادٌ. (Mṣb, TA.) See also زَهِيدٌ, in three places.


مُزْهِدٌ

مُزْهِدٌ A man possessing little property, (JK, Ṣ, A,) so that one does not desire it. (JK.) It is said in a trad., أَفْضَلُ النَّاسِ مُؤْمِنٌ مُزْهِدٌ, meaning [The most excellent of men is a believer] possessing little property. (Ṣ, A.)


Indication of Authorities

Lexicological and Grammatical Terms

Lexicologists and Grammarians Cited