Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

by Edward William Lane (1801-1876)

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خش خشب خشر


1. ⇒ خشب

خَشَبَ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) aor. ـِ {يَخْشِبُ}, (Ḳ,) inf. n. خَشْبٌ, (TA,) He mixed a thing (Ṣ, Ḳ) with (بِ) another thing. (Ṣ.)

Root: خشب - Entry: 1. Signification: A2

And He picked out, chose out, or selected, a thing: the verb thus having two contr. significations. (Ḳ, TA.)

Root: خشب - Entry: 1. Dissociation: B

Also, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (Ṣ,) He polished a sword, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) by laying on it a broad and smooth spearhead and rubbing it therewith: so accord. to El-Ahmar, who relates that an Arab of the desert said to him, I said to a sword-polisher, “Hast thou finished my sword?” and he answered, نَعَمْ إِلَّا أَنِّى لَمْ أَخْشِبْهُ [Yes, except that I have not polished it]. (Ṣ.) And [or, as in the TA, “or”] He sharpened it. (Ḳ, TA.)

Root: خشب - Entry: 1. Signification: B2

And He forged a sword: (Ḳ:) or fashioned it with the file, without polishing it: (TA:) or he made it imperfectly, not thoroughly, or not well: (A:) thus, again, the verb has two contr. significations: (Ḳ:) also he thus made an arrow: (A:) or he shaped out a bow, (AḤn, Ḳ,) and an arrow, (TA,) [in a rough manner, or] by the first operation, (AḤn, Ḳ, TA,) without perfecting it, or making it smooth, or even. (TA.) You say of a sword, before it has been filed, مَا أَحْسَنَ مَا خُشِبَ [How well has it been forged!]: and in like manner one says of an arrow, when it has been filed, before the سَفَن [with which it is smoothed] has been applied to it. (Skr, on a verse of Sakhr, cited below, voce خَشِيبَةٌ.)

Root: خشب - Entry: 1. Signification: B3

[Hence,] خَشَبَ الشِّعْرَ, (ISk, Ṣ, A, Ḳ,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (A,)He said, spoke, or uttered, the poetry (ISk, Ṣ, A, Ḳ) as it came, (ISk, Ṣ,) [unpolished, and unstudied,] without affecting nicety, or refinement, therein, (ISk, Ṣ, A, Ḳ,) and without study, or labour: (A, Ḳ:) Jereer did thus, and Farezdaḳ trimmed his verses; but the verses of Jereer thus produced are better than the trimmed verses of Farezdaḳ: (A, TA:) andاختشبهُ↓ signifies the same. (A, Ḳ.) You say also, هُمْ يَخْشِبُونَ الكَلَامَ وَالعَمَلَ[They say, speak, or utter, words, and do work, without affecting nicety, or refinement, and without study, or labour]: (A:) or imperfectly, or not thoroughly; inelegantly, or not well. (TA.) And اِتَّخَذَ السَّيْفَ خَشَبًا: see 8.


5. ⇒ تخشّب

تخشّب: see 8.

Root: خشب - Entry: 5. Dissociation: B

تخشّبتِ الإِبِلُ The camels ate thick branches: (Ḳ:) or ate dry herbage. (Ṣ.) And تَتَخَشَّبُ عِيدَانَ الشَّجَرِ They take with the mouth, and eat, the branches of the trees. (TA.)


8. ⇒ اختشب

اختشب السَّيْفِ signifies اِتَّخَذَهُ خَشْبًا↓; He took the sword without choosing the best by taking it from this place or that; (L, TA;) as alsoتحشّبهُ↓. (TA.)

Root: خشب - Entry: 8. Signification: A2

See also 1, near the end.


12. ⇒ اخشوشب

اخشوشب He [a man or a camel (see خَشِبٌ)] was, or became, tall, and gross, rude, or coarse, with bones uncovered by flesh, and hard, or hardy. (Ḳ.) He (an ostrich) was, or became, rough, or coarse. (Ṣ.)

Root: خشب - Entry: 12. Signification: A2

He (a man) became hard, or hardy, and rough, or coarse, in his religion, clothing, food, and in all respects. (TA.)He employed himself in work, and in walking barefoot, in order that his body might become thick, gross, or coarse. (Ṣ, TA.) And اخشوشب فِى عَيْشِهِHe endured with patience a life of hardship, or difficulty: or he subjected himself to a life of hardship, or difficulty, in order to render himself the more able to bear it. (Ḳ, TA.) اِخْشَوْشِبُوا is thus used in a trad. of ʼOmar: (Ṣ, TA:) or, as some relate it, the word is [اجشوشبوا,] with ج; or, accord. to some, اخشوشنوا, with خ and ن. (TA.)


خِشْبٌ

رَجُلٌ قِشْبٌ خِشْبٌ A man in whom is no good: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) or with whom is no good: (TA:) [in some copies of the Ḳ, خِشْبٌ وَقِشْبٌ; but this, as is said in the TA, is incorrect:] خِشْبٌ being an imitative sequent to قِشْبٌ. (Ṣ, TA.)


خَشَبٌ

خَشَبٌ [Wood, such as is used in carpentry and the like; timber;] thick wood: (A, Ḳ:) [a coll. gen. n.:] n. un. خَشَبَةٌ [signifying a piece of wood or timber]: (Mṣb:) the pl. of the latter, (Ṣ, Mṣb,*) or of the former, (Ḳ,) is خَشَبٌ, (Ṣ, Ḳ, [i. e., accord. to the Ḳ, the pl. is the same as the sing., but properly speaking, as said above, this is a coll. gen. n.,]) and خُشُبٌ and خُشْبٌ (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ) and خُشْبَانٌ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) [which last is agreeable with analogy as pl. of خَشَبٌ,] or خُشْبَانٌ is pl. of خُشْبٌ, and خُشْبٌ is pl. of خَشَبَةٌ. (JK.) The hypocrites are described in a trad. as خُشُبٌ بِاللَّيْلِ صُخُبٌ بِالنَّهَارِ Like timbers, or pieces of wood, in the night; [clamorous in the day;] meaning that they pass the night in sleep, without prayer. (TA.)

Root: خشب - Entry: خَشَبٌ Signification: A2

مَالٌ خَشَبٌCattle that are lean, or emaciated, syn. هَزْلَى, (Ḳ,) in consequence of their feeding upon dry herbage. (TA.) [And it seems that خَشَبٌ↓ signifies the same: for I find in the TA, and in a copy of the A which I believe to have been used by the author of the TA, mentioned as tropical, مَالٌ خَشَبٌ وَحَطِبٌ جَزْلٌ, app. meaning that مَالٌ خَشِبٌ and حَطِبٌ signify جَزْلٌ; but جَزْلٌ, I think, is here evidently a mistranscription for هَزْلَى; as حَطِبٌ is explained in the Ṣ and Ḳ as signifying “very lean or meagre.”]


خَشِبٌ

خَشِبٌ Rough, or coarse; as alsoأَخْشَبُخَشِيبٌ↓: (Ḳ:) the former applied in this sense to a male ostrich: (Ṣ:) and both signify anything gross, or big, and rough, or coarse; (AʼObeyd, Ṣ;) as alsoخَشِيبٌ↓: (TA:) and the first, (Ḳ,) applied to a man and to a camel, (TA,) tall, and gross, rude, or coarse, with bones uncovered by flesh, and hard, or hardy, and strong; (Ḳ,* TA;) as alsoخَشِيبٌ↓ andخَشِيبِىٌّ↓: (Ḳ:) or these three signify, or signify also, dry, or rigid, or tough: (Kr, ISd:) and خَشِبٌ, a man hard, or hardy, strong, and vigorous, in body: (A, TA:) and the same, (JK,) orخَشِيبٌ↓, (TA,) a man whose bones are uncovered by flesh, and whose sinews are apparent; (JK, TA;) hard, or hardy, and strong: (JK:) and the last, a gross, big, or coarse, camel: (Ṣ, TA:) a camel gross, coarse, or rude, in make, and ugly: (TA:) and a horse thick, or big, in the bones. (Ḥam p. 207.) See also خَشَبٌ. And see أَخْشَبُ, in two places.

Root: خشب - Entry: خَشِبٌ Signification: A2

Also † Life in which one is not dainty, nice, or scrupulous. (Ḳ.)


خَشْبَةٌ

خَشْبَةٌ The first filing of a sword, before the polishing. (TA.)


خُشْبَانٌ

خُشْبَانٌ: see أَخْشَبُ.


خَشَابٌ

خَشَابٌ: see أَخْشَبُ.


خُشَابٌ

خُشَابٌ, from the Persian خُوشْ آبْ, [The beverage properly called in Arabic] نَبِيذ. (TA.)


خَشِيبٌ

خَشِيبٌ andمَخْشُوبٌ↓ Mixed. (TA.)

Root: خشب - Entry: خَشِيبٌ Signification: A2

And the former, (Ḳ,) or both, (TA,) Picked out, chosen, or selected: (Ḳ, TA:) both words thus having two contr. significations. (TA.)

Root: خشب - Entry: خَشِيبٌ Dissociation: B

Also the former (Ṣ, Ḳ) and latter, (Ḳ,) A sword polished: (Ṣ, Ḳ:*) this is [said to be] the prevailing signification: (TA:) or both signify a sharpened sword. (JK, TA.)

Root: خشب - Entry: خَشِيبٌ Signification: B2

And the former, (Aṣ, Ṣ, Ḳ,) or both, (JK, A,) A sword of which the forging is commenced; thus [again] having two contr. significations: (Ṣ:) or forged, (Ḳ,* TA,) or fashioned with the file, but not yet polished: (Aṣ, TA:) or newly made: (TA:) or imperfectly, not thoroughly, or not well, wrought; (JK, A;) and thus both words applied to an arrow: (A:) or the former, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) or both, (TA,) applied to an arrow, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) and to a bow, (Ḳ,) shaped out (Ṣ, Ḳ) [in a rough manner,] by the first operation, (Ṣ, TA,) not yet perfected, or made smooth, or even: (TA:) pl. of the former (accord. to the TA as applied to a bow [but I see no reason for this restriction]) خُشُبٌ and خَشَائِبُ. (Ḳ.) مَخْشُوبٌ↓ لَمْ يُنَقَّحْ [Rough hewn, not yet trimmed,] is a prov., mentioned by Meyd and Z. (MF, TA.)

Root: خشب - Entry: خَشِيبٌ Signification: B3

[Hence,] شِعْرٌ خَشِيبٌ andمَخْشُوبٌ↓Poetry said, spoken, or uttered, as it has come to the speaker, [unpolished, and unstudied,] without his affecting nicety, or refinement, therein, and without study, or labour. (A,* TA.) Andجَآءَ بِلمَخْشُوبِ↓[He said, or uttered, that which came to him, as it came, unpolished, and unstudied]. (A, TA.)

Root: خشب - Entry: خَشِيبٌ Signification: B4

See also خَشِيبٌ voce خَشِبٌ, in three places.

Root: خشب - Entry: خَشِيبٌ Signification: B5

It also signifies Bad, corrupt, or vile. (Ḳ.)


خَشِيبَةٌ

خَشِيبَةٌ The natural quality [of the metal] of a sword, (Skr on the verse here following, Ṣ, TA,) before the making thereof is completed: (Skr:) or its blade, or iron: (A:) or its edge: or its polish. (JK.) Sakhr says,

* وَصَارِمٌ أُخْلِصَتْ خَشِيبَتُهُ *
* أَبْيَضُ مَهْوٌ فِى مَتْنِهِ زُبَدُ *

And a sharp sword of which the natural quality [of the metal] before the completion of the making thereof has been refined, [white, or a sword,] thin in the two edges or sides, having [in its broad side] diversified marks. (Skr.)


خَشِيبِىٌّ

خَشِيبِىٌّ: see خَشِبٌ.


خَشَّابٌ

خَشَّابٌ: see what next follows.


خَشَّابَةٌ

خَشَّابَةٌ [a coll. gen. n., of which the n. un. is خَشَّابٌ↓,] Sellers of خَشَب [i. e. wood, or timber]. (TA.)

Root: خشب - Entry: خَشَّابَةٌ Signification: A2

Fighters with staves.

Root: خشب - Entry: خَشَّابَةٌ Dissociation: B

Accord. to El-Hejeree, خشابة [so in the TA, without any syll. sign,] signifies A slender [implement of the kind called] مطرق [i. e. مِطْرَق, q. v.,] which the polisher, when he has finished the polishing of a sword, passes over it, in consequence of which the scabbard does not alter its state. (TA.)


خَاشِبٌ

خَاشِبٌ: see مُخْتَشِبٌ.


أَخْشَبُ

أَخْشَبُ: see خَشِبٌ. Also A great mountain: (A:) or a rugged, or rough, and great mountain; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) and soجَبَلٌ خَشِبٌ↓: or such as is not to be ascended: (TA:) an elevated place, rugged, with rough stones: (JK:) a tract of the kind termed قُفّ, rugged and stony: (TA:) pl. أَخَاشِبُ, (A, TA,) because the quality of a subst. is predominant in it: and the fem. خَشْبَآءُ is also sometimes used in the same sense; or as syn. with غَيْضَةٌ [i. e. a thicket,, &c.]; but the former meaning is better known: and this [likewise] is thought to be rather a subst. than an epithet, because of the pl., mentioned above: (TA:) andخُشْبَانٌ↓ [also seems to be a pl. of أَخْشَبُ, or of خَشِبٌ; for it is said that it] signifies rugged, or rough, mountains, neither great nor small: (Ḳ:) and rugged ground. (TA in art. ذنب.) خَشْبَآءُ also signifies Hard land or ground; (Ḳ,* TA;) land, or ground, in which are stones and pebbles and earth or clay. (IAmb, TA.) Andأَرْضٌ خَشَابٌ↓ (Ḳ, TA) Hard land or ground, like خَشْبَآءُ, (TA,) that flows with the least rain. (Ḳ, TA.) And أَكَمَةٌ خَشْبَآءُ (Ṣ, TA) A hill of which the stones are scattered, but near together. (TA.) And جَبْهَةٌ خَشْبَآءُ A displeasing forehead; as alsoخَشِبَةٌ↓: (TA:) or a displeasing, rigid forehead; (JK, Ṣ, Ḳ;*) not even. (JK.) And أَخْشَبُ الجَبْهَةِ A man having a displeasing and rigid forehead. (TA.)


مُخَشَّبٌ

بَيْتٌ مُخَشَّبٌ [so in the present day, but written in the TA without any syll. sign,] A house having خَشَب [i. e. wood, or timber, employed in its construction]. (TA.)


مَخْشُوبٌ

مَخْشُوبٌ: see خَشِيبٌ, in four places.

Root: خشب - Entry: مَخْشُوبٌ Signification: A2

It is applied to a horse, by El-Aạshà; (Ṣ, TA;) meaning Of mixed pedigree: (AʼObeyd, TA:) or not broken; not well trained; from what next follows; and thus used only by El-Aạshà. (IKh, TA.)

Root: خشب - Entry: مَخْشُوبٌ Signification: A3

جَفْنَةٌ مَخْشُوبَةٌ A wooden bowl imperfectly made. (IKh, TA.)

Root: خشب - Entry: مَخْشُوبٌ Signification: A4

طَعَامٌ مَخْشُوبٌ [Food imperfectly prepared; i. e.], if flesh-meat, not thoroughly cooked; and if not flesh-meat, (but grain, TA,) without any seasoning, or condiment, to render it pleasant, or savoury. (Ḳ,* TA.)


مُخْتَشِبٌ

مُخْتَشِبٌ One who eats what he can; as alsoخَاشِبٌ↓. (JK.)


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