Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

by Edward William Lane (1801-1876)

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شطب شطر شطرنج


1. ⇒ شطر

شَطَرَهُ, (A, MA, O, TA,) [aor. ـُ {يَشْطُرُ},] inf. n. شَطْرٌ; (MA;) andشطّرهُ↓, (Ḳ,) inf. n. تَشْطِيرٌ; (TA;) He halved it; divided it into halves. (A, MA, O, Ḳ, TA.)

Root: شطر - Entry: 1. Signification: A2

شَطَرَهَا, aor. ـُ {يَشْطُرُ}, (Ṣ,) inf. n. شَطْرٌ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) He milked one شَطْر of her, (namely, a camel, or a ewe or goat, Ṣ, [i. e., in the former case one pair of teats, and in the latter case one teat,]) and left the other شَطْر. (Ṣ, Ḳ.)

Root: شطر - Entry: 1. Dissociation: B

شَطَرَتْ and شَطُرَتْ, aor. ـُ {يَشْطُرُ}, (Ḳ,) inf. n. شِطَارٌ, (TA,) She (a ewe or goat) had one of her teats dried up: or had one teat longer than the other. (Ḳ.) [شِطَارٌ seems to be also Syn. with حِضَانٌ as expl. in this Lex.: see also the latter word in Freytag's Lex.: Reiske, as cited by Freytag, explains the former word as meaning “quando latus unum vulvæ præ altero propendet.”]

Root: شطر - Entry: 1. Signification: B2

شَطَرَ بَصَرُهُ, (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA, and so in the O voce سَصَرَ, q. v., [in some copies of the Ṣ and Ḳ and in a copy of the A, erroneously, بَصَرَهُ,]) aor. ـُ {يَشْطُرُ}, (Ṣ,) inf. n. شُطُورٌ (Ṣ, Ḳ) and شَطْرٌ, (TA,) He was as though he were looking at thee and at another: (Ṣ, A, Ḳ:) on the authority of Fr. (TA.)

Root: شطر - Entry: 1. Signification: B3

شَطَرَ شَطْرَهُ He repaired, or betook himself, in the direction of him, or it: or الشَّطْرُ in the sense of الجِهَةُ and النَّاحِيَةُ has no verb belonging to it. (Ḳ.)

Root: شطر - Entry: 1. Signification: B4

شَطَرَتِ الدَّارُ The house, or abode, was distant, or remote. (Mgh, Mṣb.)

Root: شطر - Entry: 1. Signification: B5

شَطَرَ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) aor. ـُ {يَشْطُرُ}; (Ḳ;) and شَطُرَ, aor. ـُ {يَشْطُرُ}; inf. n. شَطَارَةٌ, of both verbs, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) or this is a simple subst., (Mṣb,) and شُطُورٌ; (L;) [andتشاطر↓; (A in art. عذر;)] He was, or became, or acted, like a شَاطِر [q. v.]. (Ṣ, Ḳ.) And شَطَرَ عَلَى أَهْلِهِ, (A, Mṣb,) or شَطَرَ عَنْهُمْ, (Ṣ,* Ḳ,) aor. ـُ {يَشْطُرُ}, (Mṣb,) inf. n. شُطُورٌ and شُطُورَةٌ and شَطَارَةٌ, (Ḳ,) or this last is a simple subst., (Mṣb,) He withdrew far away (Ṣ,* A, Ḳ *) from his family; or broke off from them, or quitted them, in anger: (A, Ḳ:) or he disagreed with his family, and wearied them by his wickedness (Mṣb, TA) and baseness. (Mṣb.)


2. ⇒ شطّر

see 1, first sentence.

Root: شطر - Entry: 2. Signification: A2

شطّر نَاقَتَهُ, (Ṣ,) or بِنَاقَتِهِ, (Ḳ,) inf. n. تَشْطِيرٌ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) He bound two of the teats of his she-camel with the صِرَار [q. v.], (Ṣ, Ḳ,) leaving (the other) two (unbound). (Ḳ.)


3. ⇒ شاطر

شَاطَرْتُهُ مَالِى I halved with him my property; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) I retained half of my property and gave him the other half. (M, TA.)

Root: شطر - Entry: 3. Signification: A2

And شَاطَرْتُ طَلِيِّى I left for my lamb, or kid, one teat [of the mother], having milked the other teat and bound it with the صِرَار [q. v.]. (Ṣ.)


6. ⇒ تشاطر

see 1, last sentence but one.


شَطْرٌ

شَطْرٌ The half of a thing; (Ṣ, A, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ;) as alsoشَطِيرٌ↓: (TA:) pl. [of pauc.] أَشْطُرٌ (Ṣ, Ḳ) and [of mult.] شُطُورٌ. (Ḳ.) It is said in a prov., اُحْلُبْ حَلَبًا لَكَ شَطْرُهُ [Milk thou a milking of which half shall be for thee]. (Ṣ.) And one says شَعَرٌ شَطْرَانِ Hair [half] black and [half] white. (A.) Accord. to Ibráheem El-Ḥarbee, (O,) the saying of the Prophet, مَنْ مَنَعَ صَدَقَةً فَإِنَّا آخِذُوهَا وَشَطْرَ مَالِهِ [Whoso refuses to render a poor-rate, verily we take it from him, and half of his property], thus related by Bahz, is a mistake, and the right wording is, وَشُطِرَ مَالُهُ, meaning and his property shall be divided into two halves, and the collector of the poor-rate shall have the option given him and shall take that rate from out of the better of the two halves, as a punishment for the man's refusal of the rate; (O, Ḳ;) but it is said that this law was afterwards abrogated: (O:) Esh-Sháfiʼee, however, says that, in the old time, when one refused the poor-rate of his property, it was taken from him, and half of his property was taken as a punishment for his refusal; and he adduces this trad. as evidence thereof; but says that in recent times, only the poor-rate was taken from him, and this trad. was asserted to be abrogated. (TA. [More is there said on this subject, but I omit it as unprofitable.])

Root: شطر - Entry: شَطْرٌ Signification: A2

It occurs in two trads. as meaning Half a مَكُّوك [q. v.], or half a وَسْق [q. v.], of barley. (TA.)

Root: شطر - Entry: شَطْرٌ Signification: A3

[In prosody, Half a verse.]

Root: شطر - Entry: شَطْرٌ Signification: A4

Also ‡ A part, or portion, or somewhat, of a thing; (Mgh, Ḳ;) and soشَطِيرٌ↓. (TA.) In the trad. of the night-journey, فَوَضَعَ شَطْرَهَا means † [And He remitted] part, or somewhat, thereof; (Ḳ;) i. e., of the prayer. (TA.) And similar is the saying in another trad., الطَّهُورُ شَطْرُ الإِيمَانِ[Purification is part of faith]. (TA.)

Root: شطر - Entry: شَطْرٌ Signification: A5

Either the fore pair or the hind pair of the teats of a she-camel: she has two pairs of teats, a fore pair and a hind pair, and each pair is thus called: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) and either of the two teats of a ewe or she-goat: (IAạr, TA:) pl. أَشْطُرٌ. (Ṣ, TA.) Hence the saying, (Ṣ,) فُلَانٌ حَلَبَ الدَّهْرَ أَشْطُرَهُSuch a one has known, or tried, varieties of fortune: (Ṣ,* TA:) has experienced the good and evil of fortune; (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA;) its straitness and its ampleness: being likened to one who has milked all the teats of a camel, that which yields plenty of milk and that which does not; the fore pair being the good; and the hind pair, the evil: or, as some say, أَشْطُر means streams, or flows, of milk: and [in like manner] one says, حَلَبَ الدَّهْرَ شَطْرَيْهِ. (TA.) And, as is said in the “Kámil” of Mbr, one says of a man experienced in affairs, فُلَانٌ قَدْ حَلَبَ أَشْطُرَهُSuch a one has endured the difficulties and [enjoyed] the ampleness of fortune, and managed his affairs in poverty and in wealth: lit., has milked his pairs of teats, one pair after another. (TA.)

Root: شطر - Entry: شَطْرٌ Signification: A6

Also A direction in which one looks or goes or the like. (Ṣ, A, Mṣb, Ḳ.) One says, قَصَدَ شَطْرَهُ He went in his, or its, direction; towards him, or it. (Ṣ, A.) And it is said in the Ḳur [ii. 139 and 144 and 145], فَوَلِّ وَجْهَكَ شَطْرَ ٱلْمَسْجِدِ ٱلْحَرَامِ Then turn thou thy face in the direction of the Sacred Mosque. (Fr, Ṣ.) The noun in this sense has no verb belonging to it: or one says, شَطَرَ شَطْرَهُ [expl. above: see 1]. (Ḳ.)

Root: شطر - Entry: شَطْرٌ Signification: A7

Also Distance, or remoteness. (TA.)


شُطُرٌ


شِطْرَةٌ

وَلَدُ فُلَانٍ شِطْرَةٌ The offspring of such a one are half males and half females. (Ṣ, A, Ḳ. [In the Ḥam p. 478, it is written شَطْرة.])


شَطْرَانُ

شَطْرَانُ, (Ṣ, A, Ḳ,) fem. شَطْرَى, (Ḳ,) A bowl, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) or vessel, (A, Ḳ,) half full. (Ṣ, A, Ḳ.)


شَطُورٌ

شَطُورٌ A ewe, or she-goat, having one teat longer than the other; (Ṣ, O, Ḳ;) like حَضُونٌ in this sense [and perhaps in others also, agreeably with what is said of شِطَارٌ in the first paragraph of this art.]: (Ṣ in art. حَضن:) and (so in the Ṣ and O, but in the Ḳ “or”) one having one of her teats dried up: (Ṣ, O, Ḳ:) and a she-camel having two of her teats dried up; for she has four teats. (Ṣ, O.) And A garment, or piece of cloth, having one of the two extremities of its breadth longer than the other. (O, Ḳ.)

Root: شطر - Entry: شَطُورٌ Signification: A2

شَطِيرٌ

شَطِيرٌ: see شَطْرٌ, in two places.

Root: شطر - Entry: شَطِيرٌ Dissociation: B

Also Distant, or remote; (Aṣ, Ṣ, A, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ;) applied to a town, or country, (Aṣ, Ṣ,) an abode, (A, Mgh, Mṣb,) and a tribe. (A.) And so شُطُرٌ↓ in the phrase نَوًى شُطُرٌ [A distant tract, or region, towards which one journeys]: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) so tooشَطُورٌ↓ in the phrase نِيَّةٌ شَطُورٌ [which may mean as above, (like نِيَّةٌ شَطُونٌ,) or a remote, or farreaching, intention, or aim, or purpose]. (TA.)

Root: شطر - Entry: شَطِيرٌ Signification: B2

Also A stranger; (Ṣ, O, Mṣb, Ḳ;) because of his remoteness from his people; (TA;) as in a verse cited voce إِذًا: (Ṣ, O:) or one who is alone, or solitary: (A:) pl. شُطُرٌ. (TA.)


شَاطِرٌ

شَاطِرٌ [One who withdraws far away from his family; or breaks off from them, or quits them, in anger: (see 1, last sentence:) or] one who disagrees with his family, (Mṣb,) and who wearies them by his wickedness (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ) and baseness (Mṣb) and guile: (TA:) i. q. خَلِيعٌ [meaning as above, and having other similar meanings; generally vitious, or immoral; bad, evil, wicked, or mischievous]: (A:) accord. to some, it is post-classical: Aboo-Is-ḥáḳ says that it signifies one who takes a wrong course: it is also expl. as signifying one who outstrips; like the [messenger called] بَرِيد, who takes a long journey in a short space of time: and hence, [as a conventional term of the mystics,] it is applied to one who outstrips, and is quick, in attaining nearness to God: or as meaning one who has wearied his family, and withdrawn far from them [n spirit], though with them [bodily], because of their inviting him to carnal lusts, and accustomed ways [of the world]: (TA:) [in the present day, it is applied to a sharper, or clever thief: and to any clever, or cunning, person:] pl. شُطَّارٌ. (TA.)


مَشْطُورٌ

مَشْطُورٌ [Halved.]

Root: شطر - Entry: مَشْطُورٌ Signification: A2

[And hence,] A verse of the metre termed الرَّجَز, (O, Ḳ,) and of that termed السَّرِيع, (TA,) having three of its six feet wanting; (O, Ḳ;) properly, having half thereof taken away. (O.)

Root: شطر - Entry: مَشْطُورٌ Dissociation: B

Also Bread done over with [the seasoning, or condiment, called] كَامَخ. (O, Ḳ.)


مُشَاطِرُونَا

هُمْ مُشَاطِرُونَا They are persons whose houses adjoin ours. (O, Ḳ.).


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