Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

by Edward William Lane (1801-1876)

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كثب كثر كثعب


1. ⇒ كثر

كَثُرَ, aor. ـُ {يَكْثُرُ}, (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ,) inf. n. كَثْرَةٌ (Mṣb, TA) and كِثْرَةٌ, or this is erroneous, (Mṣb,) [and perhaps كُثْرَةٌ, and كُثْرٌ, or these are simple substs., (see كَثْرَةٌ, below,)] and كَثَارَةٌ, (TA,) It was, or became, much, copious, abundant, many, numerous, great in number or quantity; it multiplied; it accumulated. (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA.) كَثُرُوا عَلَيْهِ فَغَلَبُوهُ [They multiplied against him and overcame him.] (TA in art. غرق). [كَثُرَ مِنْهُ كَذَا Such a thing proceeded from him, or was done by him, much, or often.] See also 4.

Root: كثر - Entry: 1. Dissociation: B

كَاثَرُوهُمْ فَكَثَرُوهُمْ: see 3.


2. ⇒ كثّر


3. ⇒ كاثر

كَاثَرُوهُمْ فَكَثَرُوهُمْ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) inf. n. of the former, مُكَاثَرَةٌ, (Ṣ,) [and aor. of the latter, accord. to analogy, ـُ,] They contended with them for superiority in number, and overcame them therein, (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA,) or surpassed, or exceeded, them in number. (TA.)

Root: كثر - Entry: 3. Dissociation: B

4. ⇒ اكثر

اكثرهُ He made it much, abundant, many, or numerous, he multiplied it; as alsoكثّرهُ↓, (Mṣb, Ḳ, TA,) inf. n. تَكْثِيرٌ. (Ḳ.)

Root: كثر - Entry: 4. Signification: A2

أَكْثَرْتُ مِنَ الشَّىْءِ andاستكثرتُ↓ مِنْهُ signify the same; (Ṣ, Mṣb;) i. e., أَكْثَرْتُ فِعْلَهُ [I did the thing much; lit., I made the doing of it much]: or أَكْثَرْتُ مِنَ الأَكْلِ وَنَحْوِهِ [I ate, and the like, much] presents an instance of pleonasm, [being for أَكْثَرْتُ الأَكْلَ وَنَحْوَهُ,] accord. to the opinion of the Koofees: or it is an instance of explication [of the vague signification of the verb], accord. to the opinion of the Basrees; the objective complement being suppressed, and the complete phrase being أَكْثَرْتُ الفِعْلَ مِنَ الأَكْلِ: and so in the like cases. (Mṣb.) [You say also أَكْثَرَ فِى الكَلَامِ He spoke, or talked, much; was profuse, or immoderate, in speech, or talk. And in like manner,كَثُرَ↓ فِى الأَمْرِ He did, acted, or occupied himself, much in the affair.]

Root: كثر - Entry: 4. Signification: A3

اكثر [as an intrans. v.] signifies أَتَى بِكَثِيرٍ [He brought, or he did, or he said, much]. (Ḳ.)

Root: كثر - Entry: 4. Signification: A4

Also, [He became rich; he abounded in property;] his property became much, or abundant. (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ.)

Root: كثر - Entry: 4. Dissociation: B

اكثر It (a palm-tree) produced, or put forth, its طَلْع [or spadix], (Ṣ, Ḳ,) i. e., its كَثَر, whence the verb. (TA.)

Root: كثر - Entry: 4. Dissociation: C

[مَا أَكْثَرَ مَالَهُ How abundant is his wealth! or how numerous are his cattle!]


5. ⇒ تكثّر

تكثّر [He endeavoured to acquire much, or abundance, of a thing]. You say تكثّر مِنَ العِلْمِ لِيَحْفَظَ [He endeavoured to acquire much knowledge, in order that he might preserve it in his memory]. And تَكثّر مِنْهُ لِيَفْهَمَ [He endeavoured to acquire much thereof in order that he might understand]. (A.) See also 10.

Root: كثر - Entry: 5. Signification: A2

He made a vain, or false, boast of abundance, or riches; or a boast of more than he possessed; and invested himself with that which did not belong to him. (TA, voce تَشَبَّعَ, which signifies the same.) You say تكثّر بِمَا لَيْسَ عِنْدَهُ He made a boast of abundance, or riches, which he did not possess; syn. تَشَبَّعَ. (Mṣb, art. شبع.) And فُلَانٌ يَتَكَثَّرُ بِمَالِ غَيْرِهِ [Such a one makes a vain or false show of abundance or riches with the wealth or property of another]. (Ṣ.)


6. ⇒ تكاثر

i. q. 3 [but relating to more than two]. (Ṣ.) [You say تَكَاتَرُوا They contended, one with another, for superiority in number.] التَّكَاثُرُ in the Ḳur, ci. 1, signifies The contending together for superiority in [the amount or number of] property and children and men. (Jel.)

Root: كثر - Entry: 6. Dissociation: B

تَكَاثَرَتْ أَمْوَالُهُ [His riches multiplied by degrees]. (A.)

Root: كثر - Entry: 6. Signification: B2

تكاثر عَلَيْهِ النَّاسُ فَقَهَرُوهُ [The people multiplied by degrees against him, and overcame him, or subdued him]. (TA.)


10. ⇒ استكثر

استكثر مِنَ الشَّىْءِ He desired, or wished for, much of the thing. (Ḳ.) You say استكثر مِنَ المَالِ [He desired, or wished for, much of the property]. (A.)

Root: كثر - Entry: 10. Signification: A2

استكثرهُ المَآءِ, andكاثرهُ↓ المَآءَ, He desired of him for himself much of the water that he might drink of it: (Ḳ:) and so if the water were little. (TA.)

Root: كثر - Entry: 10. Signification: A3

استكثر مِنَ الشّىُءِ also signifies i. q. أَكْثَرَ مِنْهُ, q. v. (Ṣ, Mṣb.)

Root: كثر - Entry: 10. Signification: A4

Also استكثرهُ He reckoned it much, abundant, or many. (Mṣb.) You say هُوَ يَسْتَكْثِرُ الفَلِيلَ [He reckons little, or few, much, abundant, or many]. (A.)


Q. Q. 2. ⇒ تَكَوْثَرَ

تَكَوْثَرَ It (dust) was, or became, much, or abundant. (Ṣ.) See كُوْثَرٌ.


كَثْرٌ

كَثْرٌ: see كَثِيرٌ.

Root: كثر - Entry: كَثْرٌ Dissociation: B

كُثْرٌ

كُثْرٌ: see كَثْرَةٌ.

Root: كثر - Entry: كُثْرٌ Dissociation: B

The greater, or greatest, or main, part, of a thing; the most thereof. (Ḳ.)


كِثْرٌ

كِثْرٌ: see كَثْرَةٌ.


كَثَرٌ

كَثَرٌ (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ) andكَثْرٌ↓ (Mṣb, Ḳ) The heart, or pith, (syn. جُمَّارٌ, Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ, and شَحْمٌ, and جَذَبٌ, TA,) of a palm-tree: (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ:) of the dial. of the Ansár: (TA:) or its spadix; syn. طَلْعٌ. (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ.)


كَثْرَةٌ

كَثْرَةٌ, (Ṣ, A, Ḳ,) andكِثْرَةٌ↓, (Ḳ,) or the latter should not be used, for it is a bad dial. form, (Ṣ,) or it is correct when coupled with قِلَّةٌ, for the sake of assimilation, (TA,) andكُثْرَةٌ↓, though the first is the best known, (Ibn-'Allán, in his Sharh el-Iktiráh,) or the last is not allowable, (TA,) andكُثْرٌ↓, (Ṣ, A, Ḳ,) andكِثْرٌ↓, (Ṣ,) Muchness; much, as a subst.; copiousness; abundance; a large quantity; numerousness; multiplicity; multitudinousness; a multitude; a plurality; a large number; numbers; and frequency: contr. of قِلَّةٌ. (Ṣ, A, Ḳ.) [See also كَثُرَ.] You say مَا لَهُ قُلٌّ وَلَا كُثْرٌ↓ He has not little nor much of property. (Ṣ.) Andالحَمْدُ لِلّٰهِ عَلَى القُلٌّ وَالكُثْرِ↓, (Ṣ, A,) andعَلَى القِلِّ وَالكِثْرِ↓, (Ṣ,) Praise be to God for little and much. (Ṣ,* A.) [كُثْرٌ↓ is explained in the Ṣ by كَثِيرٌ, and so in one place in the TA; but it is a subst., or an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates.]

Root: كثر - Entry: كَثْرَةٌ Signification: A2

كَثْرَةٌ is also used to signify Richness, or wealthiness; syn. سَعَةٌ. (Mgh.)


كُثْرَةٌ

كُثْرَةٌ: see كَثْرَةُ.


كِثْرَةٌ

كِثْرَةٌ: see كَثْرَةُ.


كُثَارٌ

كُثَارٌ: see كَثِيرٌ.

Root: كثر - Entry: كُثَارٌ Dissociation: B

Also, andكِثَارٌ↓, Companies, or troops, or the like, (Ḳ, TA,) of men or animals only. (TA.) You say فِى الدَّارِ كُثَارٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ, and كِثَارٌ, In the house are companies of men. (TA.)


كِثَارٌ

كِثَارٌ: see كُثَارٌ.


كَثِيرٌ

كَثِيرٌ (Ṣ, A, Mṣb, Ḳ) andكُثَارٌ↓ (Ṣ, Ḳ) andكَاثِرٌ↓ andكَثْرٌ↓ andكَيْثَرٌ↓ andكُوْثَرٌ↓ (Ḳ) Much; copious; abundant; many; numerous; multitudinous. (Ṣ, A, Mṣb, Ḳ.) You say خَيْرٌ كَثِيرٌ, andكَيْثَرٌ↓, Much, or abundant, good. (A.) And قَوْمٌ كَثِيرٌ A numerous party, or people: and هُمْ كَثِيرُونَ They are many. (Ṣ.) And رِجَالٌ كَثِيرٌ, and كَثِيرَةٌ, Many men: and نِسَآءٌ كَثِيرٌ, and كَثِيرَةٌ, Many women. (Yoo, ISh, Mṣb.) Andعَدَدٌ كَاثِرٌ↓, (Ṣ, Mṣb,) and, as some say, كَوْثَرٌ↓, (Mṣb,) and كَثِيرٌ, (Ḳ in art. بول, &c.) A large number. (Ṣ, Mṣb.) Andغُبَارٌ كُوْثَرٌ↓ Much dust: (Ṣ:) or much confused dust (Ḳ, TA) rising and diffusing itself: of the dial. of Hudheyl. (TA.)

Root: كثر - Entry: كَثِيرٌ Signification: A2

[A large quantity, or number, مِنْ مَالٍ وَغَيْرِهِ of property, or cattle, &c.]

Root: كثر - Entry: كَثِيرٌ Signification: A3

كَثِيرًا, as an adv., Much; often. (The lexicons passim.)

Root: كثر - Entry: كَثِيرٌ Signification: A4

رَجُلٌ كثيرٌ [in the TA كثر: probably the right reading is كَيْثَرٌ↓, q. v.:] A man whose ancestors are many, and whose high deeds are various. (L.)

Root: كثر - Entry: كَثِيرٌ Signification: A5

كَثِيرَةٌ

كَثِيرَةٌ, with ة, [as a subst., signifying Much,] is used only in negative phrases; like [its contr.] قَلِيلَةٌ, q. v. (AZ, in TA, art. قل.)


كَاثِرٌ

كَاثِرٌ: see كَثِيرٌ, in two places.


كُوْثَرٌ

كُوْثَرٌ: see كَثِيرٌ, in three places.

Root: كثر - Entry: كُوْثَرٌ Dissociation: B

A lord, or master, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) abounding in good: (Ṣ:) a man possessing good, or much good, and who gives much or often; as alsoكَيْثَرٌ↓. (Ḳ, TA.)

Root: كثر - Entry: كُوْثَرٌ Dissociation: C

A river. (Kr, Ḳ.)

Root: كثر - Entry: كُوْثَرٌ Signification: C2

And الكَوْثَرُ A certain river in paradise, (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ,) from which flow all the [other] rivers thereof, (Ḳ,) pertaining specially to the Prophet, described as being whiter than milk and sweeter than honey and as having its margin composed of pavilions of hollowed pearls. (TA.)


كَيْثَرٌ

كَيْثَرٌ: see كَثِيرٌ, in two places: and كُوْثَرٌ.


أَكْثَرُ

أَكْثَرُ More, and most, in quantity, and in number. (The lexicons passim.)


[أَكْثَزِىٌّ]

[أَكْثَزِىٌّ Having relation to the greater number of things or cases.]


مُكْثِرٌ

مُكْثِرٌ A man possessing wealth: (Ḳ:) or possessing much wealth. (A, TA.)


مَكْثَرَةٌ

مَكْثَرَةٌ A cause of rendering abundant, or multiplying; syn. مَثْرَاةٌ, q. v. (Ṣ, Ḳ in art. ثرو.)


مِكْثَارٌ

مِكْثَارٌ (A, Ḳ, TA) andمِكْثِيرٌ↓, (Ḳ, TA,) applied to a man, and to a woman, (A, TA,) Loquacious; talkative; a great talker; (Ḳ, TA;) a great babbler. (A.)


مَكْثُورٌ

مَكْثُورٌ Overcome in number: (Ṣ,* A:) one against whom people have multiplied by degrees (ثَكَاثَرُوا عَلَيْهِ) so that they have overcome or subdued him. (TA.)

Root: كثر - Entry: مَكْثُورٌ Signification: A2

مَكْثُورٌ عَلَيْهِ [A place thronged].

Root: كثر - Entry: مَكْثُورٌ Signification: A3

فُلَانٌ مَكْثُورٌ عَلَيْهِ Such a one has spent what he had, and claims upon him have become numerous: (Ṣ:) or such a one has many seekers of his beneficence. (A.) See also مَشْفُوفٌ.


مِكْثِيرٌ

مِكْثِيرٌ: see مِكْثَارٌ.


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