Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

by Edward William Lane (1801-1876)

Toggle Menu

غضرف غضف غضفر


1. ⇒ غضف

غَضَفَهُ, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ,) aor. ـِ {يَغْضِفُ}, (Ḳ,) inf. n. غَضْفٌ, (TA,) He broke it, namely, a branch, or stick, or the like, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ, TA,) and a thing, (TA,) but not thoroughly. (Ṣ, O, TA.) [See also 2.]

Root: غضف - Entry: 1. Signification: A2

And غَضَفَ أُذُنَهَ, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (Ṣ, O,) He (a dog) relaxed his ear, and folded, or creased, it: (Ṣ, O, Ḳ, TA:) [see, again, 2:] or غَضَفَ أُذُنَهَ, inf. n. غَضْفَانٌ and غَضَفَانٌ, he (a dog) twisted his ear: and in like manner one says of the wind, [غَضَفَتْهَا,] i. e. it twisted it. (TA.) And غضَف الوِسَادَةَ He folded the pillow [so as to make creases in it]. (Ḥam p. 785. [But perhaps this is correctlyغضّف↓: comp. its quasi-pass., 5.])

Root: غضف - Entry: 1. Signification: A3

غَضَفَتْ said of [wild] she-asses, (O,) or of a she-ass, (Ḳ,) aor. as above, (O, TA,) and so the inf. n., (TA,) signifies أَخَذَتِ الجَرْىَ أَخْذًا [as though meaning They, or she, restrained the running, i. e. their, or her, running; agreeably with what here follows]: (O, Ḳ, TA:) غَضَفَ, [for غَضَفَ مِنَ الجَرْىِ,] said of a horse, &c., means he lessened, lit. took from, the rate of the running, (أَخَذَ مِنَ الجَرْىِ,) without reckoning: (L, TA:) Umeiyeh Ibn-Abee- 'Áïdh El-Hudhalee says,

* يَغُضُّ وَيَغْضِفْنَ مِنْ رَيِّقٍ *

(O, TA) meaning He (the ass) withholds somewhat of his running, (يَكُفُّ بَعْضَ جَرْيِهِ,) and they (the she-asses) lessen, lit. take from, the [or rather a] first, or former, rate of their running, (يَأْخُذْنَ أَخْذًا مِنْ أَوَّلِ جَرْيِهِنَّ,) without reckoning: (Skr: see Kosegarten's “Carmina Hudsailitarum,” p. 189:) Skr says, in explanation of the citation above from Umeiyeh, that غَضْفٌ signifies the act of taking and lading out [with the hand] (أَخْذٌ and غَرْفٌ); and on one occasion he says, the taking easily; [adding,] one says, غَضَفَ فُلَانٌ مِنْ طَعَامٍ لَيِّنٍ [Such a one took, or laded out with his hand, from soft food]. (TA.)

Root: غضف - Entry: 1. Dissociation: B

غَضَفَ العَيْشُ, inf. n. غُضُوفٌ, The life was soft, or easy, and plentiful. (TA.)

Root: غضف - Entry: 1. Dissociation: C

غَضِفَ, [aor. ـَ {يَغْضَفُ}, inf. n. غَضَفٌ,] He (a dog, Ṣ) was, or became, relaxed, or flabby, in the ear. (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA.) And غَضِفَتِ الأُذُنُ, inf. n. غَضَفٌ, is said to mean The ear was, or became, long and relaxed or flabby: or it advanced upon the face: or it retired towards the head: or its extremities folded upon the inner part thereof: or, in a dog, it turned towards the back of the neck: or it became folded, or creased, naturally. (TA.) [See also غَضَفٌ, below: and see 7.]

Root: غضف - Entry: 1. Signification: C2

غَضِفَ اللَّيْلُ: see 4.


2. ⇒ غضّف

غضّفهُ, inf. n. تَغْضِيفٌ, He broke it. (TA.) [See also 1, first signification.]

Root: غضف - Entry: 2. Signification: A2

تَغْضِيفٌ signifies also The making [a thing] to hang down. (O, Ḳ.)

Root: غضف - Entry: 2. Signification: A3

See also 1, third signification.


4. ⇒ اغضف

اغضف اللَّيْلُ The night became dark and black; (Ṣ, O, Ḳ;) as alsoغَضِفَ↓, inf. n. غَضَفٌ. (Ṣ.)

Root: غضف - Entry: 4. Signification: A2

اغضفت السَّمَآءُ The sky became clouded, and prepared to rain. (O,* Ḳ,* TA.)

Root: غضف - Entry: 4. Signification: A3

اغضفت النَّخْلُ The palm-trees had many branches, and bad fruit: (Ḳ, TA:) or became laden, or heavily laden, with fruit; or abounded therewith. (O, Ḳ, TA.)

Root: غضف - Entry: 4. Signification: A4

And اغضف العَطَنُ The usual abidingplace of camels, or cattle, or their place of lying down at, or around, the water or watering-trough, had many thereof. (Ḳ.)


5. ⇒ تغضّف

تغضّف It broke, or became broken; as alsoانغضف↓. (TA.)

Root: غضف - Entry: 5. Signification: A2

And تَغَضُّفٌ signifies The being, or becoming, creased, or wrinkled; (O, Ḳ, TA;) like تَغَيُّفٌ. (TA.) And تَغَضَّفَ He, or it, inclined, and bent, and became folded, or creased, much, or in several places, syn. مَالَ, and تَثَنَّى, and تَكَسَّرَ, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ,*) عَلَيْهِ upon him, or it. (Ṣ, O.) And تغضّفت الحَيَّةُ The serpent twisted, or coiled, itself. (O, Ḳ.)

Root: غضف - Entry: 5. Signification: A3

نغضّفت البِئْرُ The sides of the well fell in ruins, or became demolished: (Ṣ, O, Ḳ:) the well collapsed, or broke down, عَلَى فُلَانٍ upon such one, who had descended into it; (O;) as alsoانغضفت↓. (O, Ḳ.)

Root: غضف - Entry: 5. Signification: A4

تغضّف عَلَيْنَا اللَّيْلُ The night covered us. (O, Ḳ.)

Root: غضف - Entry: 5. Signification: A5

تغضّفت عَلَيْنَا الدُّنْيَا The world became abundant to us in its good things; and favourable to us. (O, Ḳ.)


7. ⇒ انغضف

see 5, in two places.

Root: غضف - Entry: 7. Signification: A2

انغضفت أُذُنُهُ His ear became folded, or creased, not naturally. (TA.) [See also 1, near the end.]

Root: غضف - Entry: 7. Signification: A3

انغضف الضَّبَابُ The ضباب [or thin clouds, like smoke,] overlay one another. (TA.)

Root: غضف - Entry: 7. Signification: A4

انغضفوا فِى الغُبَارِ They entered into the dust, or raised and spreading dust. (Ṣ, O, Ḳ.)


غَضْفٌ

غَضْفٌ: see غَضَفٌ.


غُضْفٌ / غُضُفٌ

غُضْفٌ [written by Golius غُضُفٌ]: see غَضَفَةٌ.


غَضَفٌ

غَضَفٌ [inf. n. of غَضِفَ (q. v.): and, as a simple subst.,] Laxness, or flabbiness, in the ear: (Ṣ, O, Ḳ:) or, as in the T, a laxness, or flabbiness, of the upper part [of each] of the two ears, upon, or over, the concha thereof, by reason of its width and its largeness: (TA:) Aboo-ʼAmr Esh-Sheybánee says, after citing a verse of Abu-n-Nejm, describing a lion, that it signifies a twisting, in the ear, backwards: accord. to ISh, it is, in the lion, a laxness, or pendulousness, of the upper eyelids, upon the eyes; arising from anger and pride: (O:) and he says that, accord. to some, it is, in the lion, abundance of the fur, and a folding, or creasing, of the skin. (TA.) And one says, [app. in relation to the lion,] فِى أَشْفَارِهِ غَضْفٌ↓ and غَضَفٌ [app. In the edges of his upper eyelids is a laxness, or pendulousness]; both meaning the same. (TA.)

Root: غضف - Entry: غَضَفٌ Signification: A2

Also Softness, or easiness, and plentifulness, of life: (Ṣ:) like غَطَفٌ. (O in art. غطف.)

Root: غضف - Entry: غَضَفٌ Dissociation: B

And A species of tree in India, exactly like the palm-tree, (Lth, O, Ḳ,) except that (Ḳ) its fruit-stones are divested of covering, without a لِحَآء [or pulpy pericarp], and from its lowest to its uppermost part it has green سَعَف [or branches like those of the palm-tree], (Lth, O, Ḳ,) covered [thereby]: (Lth, O:) AḤn says, it is a plant resembling the palm-tree exactly, (O, L, TA,) but not growing tall, (TA,) having many سَعَف, and prickles, and [leaves such as are termed] خُوص, of the hardest sort, whereof are made large [receptacles of the kind called] جِلَال [pl. of جُلَّةٌ], that serve for sacks, goods being carried in them by land and by sea; (O, L, TA;) it produces from its head unripe dates of disagreeable flavour, not eaten; and, he says, of its خُوص are made mats like carpets, (L, TA,) called سِمَام, pl. of سُمَّةٌ [q. v.], (L,) one of which may be spread for twenty years. (L, TA.)

Root: غضف - Entry: غَضَفٌ Dissociation: C

See also the next paragraph, in two places.


غَضَفَةٌ

غَضَفَةٌ A certain bird: or a قَطَاة [or sandgrouse]: (IDrd, O, Ḳ:) or the قَطَاة termed جُونِيَّة: pl. غَضَفٌ↓ [or rather this, if correct, is a coll. gen. n.]: J says that الغَضَفُ↓ [thus in the TA, but in my and other copies of the Ṣ الغُضْفُ↓, for which Golius appears to have found الغُضُفُ,] signifies القَطَا الجُونُ; but IB says that it is correctly القطا الجُونِىُّ. (TA. [See جُونِىٌّ: and particularly what is said at the end of the paragraph thus headed.])

Root: غضف - Entry: غَضَفَةٌ Dissociation: B

Also An [eminence of the kind called] أَكَمَة. (O, Ḳ, TA. [For اكمة, in this case, the TḲ has most strangely substituted اكمه, meaning أَكْمَهُ, for it explains it as signifying “blind from the birth;” and this, though an obvious mistake, Freytag asserts to be the right reading and explanation.])


غَاضِفٌ

غَاضِفٌ: see أَغْضَفُ, in two places.

Root: غضف - Entry: غَاضِفٌ Signification: A2

Also [applied to a man] Soft, or easy, and plentiful, in his circumstances. (Ṣ, O, Ḳ.)


أَغْضَفُ

أَغْضَفُ, applied to a dog, Relaxed, or flabby, in the ear; pl. غُضْفٌ; (Ṣ, O, Ḳ;) occurring in a verse of Dhu-r-Rummeh, cited voce عَذَبٌ; (O, TA;) and the fem. غَضْفَآءُ is applied [to a bitch, and] to an ear: (TA:) or a dog having the upper part of his ear folded, or creased, backwards; andغَاضِفٌ↓ when it is forwards. (IAạr, O, Ḳ.) And hence [the pl.] غُضْفٌ, as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant, is used as an appellation for Dogs of the chase. (TA.)

Root: غضف - Entry: أَغْضَفُ Signification: A2

Applied to a lion, Having the ear folded, or creased; (Hr, O, Ḳ;) denoting a quality that renders him more abominable: (Hr, O:) or relaxed, or pendulous, in the ears: (O, Ḳ:) or whose upper eyelids are lax, or pendulous, upon his eyes, by reason of anger or pride; (Ḳ, TA;) so says ISh. (TA.) And accord. to Lth, A beast of prey whose upper part of his ear is folded, or creased, and the lower part thereof relaxed, or pendulous. (TA.) And the fem., غَضْفَآءُ, A she-goat whose extremities of her ears descend low, by reason of their length. (IA.)

Root: غضف - Entry: أَغْضَفُ Signification: A3

Also Anything bending, folding, or creasing, and relaxed, flabby, or pendulous: fem. as above. (TA.) Andمُغْضِفٌ↓ is like أَغْضَفُ, (TA.)

Root: غضف - Entry: أَغْضَفُ Signification: A4

And الأَغْضَفُ is one of the names of The lion (TA.)

Root: غضف - Entry: أَغْضَفُ Signification: A5

سَهْمٌ أَغْضَفُ An arrow of which the feathers are thick; (Ṣ, O, Ḳ;) contr. of أَصْمَعُ, (Ṣ, O.)

Root: غضف - Entry: أَغْضَفُ Signification: A6

لَيْلٌ أَغْضَفُ A night that is dark (Ṣ, O, Ḳ) and black; (Ṣ, O;) covering with its dark ness. (TA.)

Root: غضف - Entry: أَغْضَفُ Signification: A7

عَيْشٌ أَغْضَفُ A soft, or an easy, and plentiful, life; as alsoغَاضِفٌ↓ (Ṣ, O, Ḳ:) like أَغْطَفُ. (Ṣ and O in art. غطف) And سَنَةٌ غَضْفَآءُ A fruitful, or plentiful, year. (TA.)


مُغْضِفٌ / مُغْضِفَةٌ

مُغْضِفٌ: see أَغْضَفُ, latter half.

Root: غضف - Entry: مُغْضِفٌ Signification: A2

Applied to palm-trees (نَخْلٌ), Having many branches, and bad fruit; (O, TA;) thus without ة; (O;) and also with ة {مُغْضِفَةٌ}. (TA. [See also its verb.])

Root: غضف - Entry: مُغْضِفٌ Signification: A3

And ثَمَرَةٌ مُغْضِفَةٌ A fruit that has become flaccid, but not completely ripe: (O:) or nearly, but not yet, ripe: (Sh, TA:) or whereof the goodness has not become apparent: or, accord. to AA, hanging upon its tree, flaccid. (TA.)


Indication of Authorities

Lexicological and Grammatical Terms

Lexicologists and Grammarians Cited