Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

ثَارَ, aor. يَثُورُ, (M,) inf. n. ثَوْرٌ and ثُؤُورٌ and ثَوَرَانٌ, (M, Ḳ,) It (a thing, M) became raised, roused, excited, stirred up, or provoked; syn. هَاجَ; (M;) syn. of the inf. n. هَيَجَانٌ: (Ḳ:) as alsoتثوّر↓. (M, Ḳ.)

Said of dust, (Ṣ, M, A, Mgh, Mṣb,) and of smoke, (M, A,) and of other things, (M, TA,) inf. n. ثَوْرٌ and ثُؤُورٌ (Ṣ, M, Mṣb, Ḳ) and ثَوَرَانٌ, (Ḳ,) ‡ It became raised, or stirred up; (Mgh, Mṣb;) and spread: (Mgh:) or rose, (Ṣ, M, A, Ḳ,) and appeared; (M;) as alsoتثوّر↓: (Ḳ:) also said of the redness in the sky after sunset, inf. n. ثَوْرٌ and ثَوَرَانٌ, ‡ it spread upon the horizon, and rose: (TA: [see ثَوْرٌ:]) and ثار, said of anything, means † it appeared and spread. (Mgh.)

Said of a camel lying upon his breast, He became roused, or put in motion or action; as alsoتثوّر↓. (TA.)

Said of the bird called القَطّا, (M, A,) inf. ns. as first mentioned above, (Ḳ,) or ثَوْرٌ and ثَوَرَانٌ, (M,) It rose (M, A, Ḳ) from the place where it lay; (M, A;) as alsoتثوّر↓: (Ḳ:) and of a swarm of locusts, it rose; (M, Ḳ;) as alsoتثوّر↓: (Ḳ:) or appeared; as alsoانثار↓. (TA.)

Also, (Ṣ, M,) inf. ns. as first mentioned above, (M, Ḳ,) He leaped, or sprang; (M, Ḳ;) as alsoتثوّر↓. (Ḳ.) You say, ثار إِلَيْهِ He leaped, or sprang, to, or towards, him, or it. (M.) And ثاربِهِ النَّاسُ The people leaped, or sprang, upon him. (Ṣ.) And ثار إِلَى الشَّرِّ He rose, or hastened, to do evil, or mischief. (Mṣb.)

ثار المَآءُ The water flowed forth with force; gushed forth. (TA.)

ثار بِهِ الدَّمُ, (TA,) inf. ns. as first mentioned above, (Ḳ,) ‡ The blood appeared in him; as alsoتثوّر↓. (Ḳ,* TA.) And ثار الدَّمُ فِى وَجْهَهِ ‡ The blood appeared in [or mantled in or mounted into] his face; as alsoانثار↓. (M.)

ثارت بِهِ الحَصْبَةُ, (Ṣ, M, A,) inf. n. ثَوْرٌ and ثُؤُورٌ and ثَوَارٌ [or ثُوَارٌ?] and ثَوَرَانٌ, (M,) ‡ The measles spread [or broke out] in him: (M:) and in like manner one says of anything that appears: (M:) one says, ثار, inf. n. ثَوْرٌ and ثَوَرَانٌ, meaning † it appeared. (T.) And accord. to Lḥ, one says, ثار الرَّجُلُ, inf. n. ثَوَرَانٌ, meaning ‡ The man had the measles appearing in him. (M.)

ثار بِالمَحْمُومِ الثَّوْرُ ‡ Pimples, or small pustules, breaking out in the mouth, appeared in the fevered man. (A.)

ثارت الحُمَّى † [The fever rose, or became excited]. (TA from a trad.)

ثارت نَفْسُهُ ‡ His soul [or stomach] heaved; or became agitated by a tendency to vomit; syn. جَشَأَتٌ, (T, Ṣ,) i. e. اِرْتَفَعَتْ; (T;) or جَاشَتْ, (TA,) i. e. فَارَتٌ. (T.)

ثار الغَضَبُ, (Mṣb,) inf. n. ثَوْرٌ, (M,) † [Anger became roused, or excited, or inflamed: or became roused, or excited in the utmost degree: or boiled: or spread: (see ثَائرٌ, below:) or] became sharp. (M, Mṣb.)

ثارت بَيْنَهُمْ فِتْنَةٌ وَشَرٌّ (A, Mṣb *) ‡ Discord, or dissension, or the like, and evil, or mischief, became excited among them, or between them. (Mṣb.)

see 4, in three places.

You say also, ثوّر الأَمْرَ, inf. n. تَثْوِيرٌ, † He searched, or sought, for, or after, the thing, or affair; inquired, or sought information, respecting it; searched, or inquired, into it; investigated, scrutinized, or examined, it. (M.) And ثوّر القُرْآنَ † He searched after a knowledge of the Ḳur-án, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) or its meanings: (M:) or he read it, and inquired of, or examined, diligently, those skilled in it, respecting its interpretation and meanings: (Sh:) or he scrutinized it, and meditated upon its meanings, and its interpretation, and the reading of it. (TA.)

ثاورهُ, (T, M, A, Ḳ,) inf. n. مُثَاوَرَةٌ (Ṣ, M, Ḳ) and ثِوَارٌ, (Lḥ, M, Ḳ,) He leaped, or sprang, upon him, or at him; he assaulted, or assailed, him; syn. وَاثَبَهُ, (T, Ṣ, M, A, Ḳ,) and سَاوَرَهُ. (T, A.)

اثارهُ, (T, Ṣ, M, A, Mgh, Ḳ,) and أَثَرَهُ, and هَثَرَهُ, (Ḳ,) [but in the M, I find أَثَرْتُهُ and هَثَرْتُهُ, (in the latter of which the ه is substituted for the أ of the former, as in هَرَاقَ for أَرَاقَ,) and it is evident that the author of the Ḳ erroneously supposed them to be from أَثَرَ and هَثَرَ, whereas they are from أَثَارَ and هَثَارَ, and are originally أَثْوَرُتُهُ and هَثْوَرْتُهُ, but, for أَثَرَهُ, SM appears to have read آثَرَهُ, for he says that it is formed by transposition,] inf. n. إِثَارَةٌ and إِثَارٌ; (Lḥ, M;) andثوّرهُ↓; (M, Ḳ;) andاستثارهُ↓; (T, M, A, Ḳ;) He raised, roused, excited, stirred up, or provoked, him or it; (Ṣ, M, A, Mgh, Ḳ;) [as, for instance,] an object of the chase or the like, (T, M, A,) a beast of prey, (T,) a lion, (M, A,) † dust, (M, Mgh,) † smoke, and any other thing: (M:) or he drew it forth: (M:) استثارهُ↓ is [often used in this last sense, or as meaning he disinterred it, exhumed it, or dug it up or out,] said of a thing buried. (Ḳ in art. سوع.) You say, اثار فُلَانًا He roused such a one for an affair. (T.) And اثار البَعِيرَ He roused the camel lying upon his breast, or put him in motion or action. (T.) Andثوّر↓ البَرْكَ, andاستثارها↓, He roused the camels lying upon their breasts, and made them to rise. (Ṣ.)

اثار التُّرَابَ بِقَوَائِمِهِ He [a beast] scraped up the earth, or dust, with his legs. (T, M.)

اثار الأَرْضَ, (M, Mgh, Mṣb,) and أَثْوَرَهَا, (M,) He tilled the ground, or land; cultivated it by ploughing and sowing: (Mgh, Mṣb:) he turned the ground over upon the grain after it had been once opened: (M, TA:) he ploughed and sowed the land, and educed its increase, and the increase of its seed. (TA.) And أَثَارَتِ الأَرْضَ [She (a cow) tilled the ground]. (TA.)

اثار الفِتْنَةَ ‡ He (an enemy) excited discord, or dissension, or the like. (Mṣb.) Andثوّر↓ عَلَيْهِمُ الشَّرَّ (inf. n. تَثْوِيرٌ, Mṣb) ‡ He excited evil, or mischief, against them, (T, Ṣ, A,* Mṣb,*) and manifested it. (Ṣ.)

ثَوْرٌ A bull: (Ṣ, M, Mṣb, Ḳ:) andثَوْرَةٌ↓ a cow: (Ṣ, M, Mṣb:) pl. [of pauc] أَثْوَارٌ (M, Mṣb, Ḳ) and ثِيْرَةٌ (Ṣ, M, Ḳ) and [of mult.] ثِيرَانٌ and ثِيَرَةٌ (T, Ṣ, M, Mṣb, Ḳ) and ثِوَرَةٌ (Ṣ, M, Ḳ) and ثِيَارٌ (M, Ḳ) and ثِيَارَةٌ; (M, TA:) Sb says of the pl. ثِيَرَةٌ that و in it is changed into ى because of the kesreh before it, though this is not accordant to general rule: (Ṣ:) accord. to Mbr, they said ثِيَرَةٌ to distinguish it from the ثِوَرَة of أَقط, and that it was originally of the measure فِعْلَةٌ: (Ṣ, M:* *) accord. to Aboo-ʼAlee, it is a contraction of ثِيَارَةٌ. (M.) [Hence,] الثَّوْرُ ‡ [The constellation Taurus;] one of the signs of the Zodiac. (Ṣ, M, Ḳ.)

† A lord, master, or chief, (M, A, Ḳ,) of a people. (A.) ʼOthmán is called, in a trad., الثَّوْرُ الأَبْيَضُ; the epithet الابيض being added because he was hoary; or it may denote celebrity. (M.)

† Stupid; foolish; of little sense: (T, Ḳ:) a stupid, dull man, of little understanding. (T.)

† Possessed by a devil, or insane, or mad; syn. مَجْنُونٌ; so in copies of the Ḳ; but in some copies, [and in the CK,] جُنُون [diabolical possession, or insanity, or madness]. (TA; and thus in Ḥar p. 415.)

A piece, (T, Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb,) or large piece, (M, Ḳ,) of أَقِط, (T, Ṣ, M, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ,) i. e. milk which [has been churned and cooked and then left until it] has become congealed and hard like stone: (TA:) pl. [of mult.] ثِوَرَةٌ (T, Ṣ, M, Ḳ) and أَثْوَارٌ. (M, Ḳ.)

The green substance that overspreads stale water; (T, M, Ḳ;) this is called ثَوْرُ المَآءِ; (Ṣ, Mṣb;) syn. طُحْلُبٌ, (AZ, T, Ṣ, M, Mṣb, Ḳ,) and عَرْمَضٌ, and غَلْفَقٌ; (M;) and the like thereof: (T, M:) and small rubbish, or broken particles of things, (Mṣb, TA,) or anything, (Ḳ,) upon the surface of water, (Mṣb, Ḳ, TA,) which the pastor beats to make the water clear for the bulls or cows. (Mṣb.) Accord. to some, it has the first of these meanings in the following verse of Anas Ibn-Mudrik El-Khath'amee:

* إِنِّى وَقَتْلِى سُلَيْكًا ثُمَّ أَعْقِلُهُ *

* كَالثَّوْرِ يُضْرَبُ لَمَّا عَافَتِ البَقَرُ *

[Verily I, with respect to my slaying Suleyk and then paying the price of his blood, am like the green substance upon the surface of stale water, that is beaten when the cows loathe the water]: but accord. to others, by الثور the poet means the bull; for the cows follow him: (M, TA:) the cows are not beaten, because they have milk; but the bull is beaten that they may be frightened and therefore drink. (Ṣ.) [See a slightly-different reading, and remarks thereon, in Ḥam p. 416: and see Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 330. The latter hemistich is used as a prov., applied to him who is punished for the offence of another.]

† Pimples, or small pustules, breaking out in the mouth, in a person who is fevered. (A.)

‡ The redness shining, (نَائِرَةٌ, Ḳ,) or spreading and rising, (ثَائِرَةٌ, M,) in the faint light that is seen above the horizon between sunset and nightfall: (M, Ḳ:) or ثَوْرُ الشَّفَقِ the spreading appearance of the redness above the horizon after sunset. (Ṣ, A, Mgh.) You say, سَقَطَ ثَوْرُ الشَّفَقِ [The spreading appearance of the redness above the horizon after sunset sank down, or set]. (Ṣ, A.) With its سُقُوط commences the time of the prayer of nightfall. (TA.)

† The whiteness in the lower part of the nail (M, Ḳ) of a man. (M, TA.)

ثِيرٌ A covering of [or film over] the eye. (Ḳ.) One says, عَلَى عَيْنهِ ثِيرٌ Upon his eye is a covering [or film]. (TḲ.)

ثَوْرَةٌ: see ثَوْرٌ.

† An excitement: so in the saying, اِنْتَظِرْ حَتَّى تَسْكُنَ هٰذِهِ الثَّوْرَةُ [Wait thou until this excitement become stilled]. (Ṣ.)

† Many; a great number; much; or a large quantity; of men; (T, M, Ḳ;) and of wealth, or of camels or the like; (T, Ḳ;) like ثَرْوَةٌ: (T, M:) or not of wealth; for of this one says ثروة only. (M.)

ثَوَّارَةٌ The [part of the body called the] خَوْرَان [q. v.]. (Ḳ.)

دَبًى ثَائِرٌ [Locusts before they have wings] just coming forth from the dust, or earth. (T, Ṣ.)

ثَائِرُ الرَّأْسِ ‡ Having the hair of his head spreading out in disorder, and standing up: (Aṣ, T,* Ṣ,* TA:) or shaggy, or dishevelled. (T, A.)

رَأَيْتُهُ ثَائِرًافَرِيصُ رَقَبَتِهِ ‡ [I saw him with his external jugular veins, or with the sinews and veins of his neck, swelling by reason of anger]. (A.)

ثَائِرٌ also signifies † Angry. (T.)

And ‡ Anger: (Ṣ, A, Ḳ:) [or an ebullition of anger, rage, or passion: whence the phrase,] ثَارَ ثَائِرُهُ, (T, Ṣ, M, A,) like فَارَ فَائِرُهُ, (T, A,) ‡ He was angry: (T:) or his anger became roused, or excited, (Ṣ, M,) or inflamed: (A:) or became roused, or excited, in the utmost degree: (TA:) or boiled: (Ṣ in art. فور:) or spread. (TA in that art.)

أَرْضٌ مُثَارَةٌLand ploughed up. (T.)

أَرْضٌ مَثْوَرَةٌ A land abounding with bulls [and cows]. (Th, M, Ḳ.)

مُثِيرَةٌ A cow that tills the ground; (Mgh, Ḳ;) and in like manner applied to bulls (ثيَرَةٌ). (T.)